Abstract: Carboniferous fishes have been found from localities of the east sector of north Qilian Mountain, north China, the majority in Jingyuan County, Gansu Province. The Carboniferous of the east sector of north Qilian Mountain, typical marine alternating with non2marine facies, has been subdivided lithologically into Qianheishan (Tournaisian-Visean), Chouniugou (Visean), Jingyuan (Serpukhovian), Hongtuwa (Bashkirian), Yanghukou (Bashkiri2 an, Moscovian and Kazimovian) and Jingci (Gzhelian) Formations (Li et al.，1974; Wu et al., 1987; Yang et al., 1997). In this paper we examine in detail the Lower Carboniferous microvertebrate fossils from Heishan area of Nei Mongol and Jingyuan, Gansu Province, and give the fish assemblage sequence in Qianheishan, Chouniugou and Jingyuan formations (Early Carboniferous). The early Carboniferous Actinopterygians and Elasmobranchians: Xenacanthida and Hybodontiformes are the first record from China. The material described here is housed in the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP), Chinese Academy of Sciences.