Abstract: While visiting the Nei Mongol Museum in July 2005, the two senior authors of the present paper happened to have come across a mandible of apparently a kind of deinothere, although itwas still largely embedded in yellow sandstone. The deinothere morphology of the specimen has soon been clearly revealed after further preparation. Fully realized the possible importance of the specimen, the authors immediately started to make every effort to find out its real prove-nance. Through repeated inquiries from the"dragon-bone"dealer who sold the mandible to the museum, Li Hong finally succeeded in locating the place where the fossil came,a village called Bantu in Dongxiang, Gansu. In order to eliminate any possible doubts, Deng Tao went to Bantu in November,2006, and found the villager who had taken charge of the excavation at the site where the mandible had been unearthed. Being the single object with large teeth of some value among the large quantity of turtle shells from this site, the deinothere mandible had left a deepimpression on the villager, and this could account for the easy finding of the site.A closer comparison of the sediments and the preservation states of the fossils of the site against those ob-served on the deinothere mandible left almost no doubt to Deng that this should be the right site of the deinothere mandible. As observed by Deng, this site is one of a few lenses composed of grayish yellow coarse sandstone, with particularly rich turtle shells, about 100 m high on asouth-facing slope(Fig.1). These lenses are located in the very basal part of Liushu Formation, which is paleontologically dated as of early Late Miocene in age. Unconformably underlying is a layer of conglomerates,a widespread unit highly characteristic of the top part of the Middle Miocene Hujialiang Formation (Tungurian) in the Linxia Tertiary basin. Some 2.5 km west of Bantu, from about the same level as the above lenses,a rich mammalian fauna was reported(Deng,2001). It is certainly of early Late Miocene in age(equivalent to the European Vallesian), consisting of Dinocrocuta, Tetralophodon, Hipparion, Parelasmotherium, Ningxia-therium and Shaanxispira, etc.