Abstract: We analyse and figure a total of 18 sectioned cheek teeth ofPlesiohipparion houfenense, Proboscidipparion pater andProboscidipparion sinense to digitally document and characterize the morphologic changes through their ontology and to discover possible synapomorphies between these Chinese taxa and other Eurasian and African hipparion lineages. The maxillary and mandibular cheek teeth of P. houfenense are found to likely share characters in common with Spanish Plesiohipparion crusafonti, Turkish Plesiohipparion aff. P.huangheense and the African Eurygnathohippus lineage. In turn, these Eurasian and African lineages may in fact have their evolutionary roots in the Siwalik Sivalhippus lineage. The two Proboscidipparionspecies, P. pater and P. sinense are clearly related to each other, and likely related to Turkish “Proboscidipparion” heintzi. Likewise, our analysis of P. pater and P. sinense maxillary and mandibular cheek teeth support this genus’ relationships with the Plesiohipparion andSivalhippus clades previous argued by other authors.