内蒙古二连盆地额尔登敖包剖面新增查干鼠类、圆柱齿鼠类及梳趾鼠类化石材料

doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.200710

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为完善内蒙古二连盆地古近纪生物年代框架和明晰该地区啮齿类化石多样性,报道了二连盆地额尔登敖包剖面新发现的啮齿类化石材料,包括上白层中的查干鼠类(Cyclomylus lohensis, Coelodontomys asiaticus), 中红层和下红层中的圆柱齿鼠类(Gobiocylindrodon sp., Proardynomys sp.和 Cylindrodontidae gen. et sp. indet.), 及下白层中的梳趾鼠类(Yuomys sp.)。上白层中发现的查干鼠类证实了上白层时代为早渐新世。基于额尔登敖包上白层与脑木根敖包顶部岩层岩性相似,动物群中有部分相同的组成,进一步确认二者应当属于同一个组。额尔登敖包剖面圆柱齿鼠类化石以不同的组合出现在不同的层位中,这些标本表明始新世时在亚洲圆柱齿鼠类已经有较高的分异度,同时该类群在亚洲可能有相对连续的演化序列。

关键词: 内蒙古, 额尔登敖包, 始新世-渐新世, 查干鼠类, 圆柱齿鼠类, 梳趾鼠类

Abstract:

To improve the Paleogene biochronological framework of the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol and clarify the diversity of fossil rodents in this region, new tsaganomyids (Cyclomylus lohensis, Coelodontomys asiaticus) from the “Upper White” beds, cylindrodontids (Gobiocylindrodon sp., Proardynomys sp., and Cylindrodontidae gen. et sp. indet.) from the “Middle Red” and “Lower Red” beds, and ctenodactyloids (Yuomys sp.) from the “Lower White” beds of the Erden Obo section are reported. The appearance of C. lohensis and Co. asiaticus from the Erden Obo section confirms that the age of the “Upper White” beds is Early Oligocene. The “Upper White” beds of the Erden Obo section and the top bed of the Nom Khong Obo are confirmed to belong to the same formation by both lithofacies and mammalian fossils. The different kinds of cylindrodontids found from the different horizons of the Erden Obo section show that the cylindrodontids had a high diversity and a relative continuous evolution in Eocene Asia.

Key words: Erden Obo, Nei Mongol, Eocene-Oligocene, tsaganomyid, cylindrodontid, ctenodactyloid

中图分类号:

Q915.873

李茜. 内蒙古二连盆地额尔登敖包剖面新增查干鼠类、圆柱齿鼠类及梳趾鼠类化石材料. 古脊椎动物学报, 2021, 59(1): 1-18.

LI Qian. Additional tsaganomyid, cylindrodontid and ctenodactyloid rodent materials from the Erden Obo section, Erlian Basin (Nei Mongol, China). Vertebrata Palasiatica, 2021, 59(1): 1-18.

图/表 10

Fig. 1 Cyclomylus lohensis (IVPP V 26551) from the “Upper White” beds of the Erden Obo section A. occlusal view of the left mandible with dp4-m1; B. CT slice showing the roots of dp4-m1, and the spatial relation between the i2 and dp4-m1

Fig. 2 The skull with the mandible of Coelodontomys asiaticus from the “Upper White” beds of the Erden Obo section (IVPP V 26552.1) A. dorsal view of the skull; B. ventral view of the skull; C. crown view of the mandibles; D. buccal view of the right mandible Abbreviations: ab. auditory bulla; aoc. antepremolar crest; bo. basioccipital; bs. basisphenoid; fc. frontal crest; mr. masseteric ridge; mtf. mental foramen; na. nasal; occ. occipital condyle; p. parietal; pm. premaxilla; pmldc. premaxillary laterodorsal crest; sc. sagittal crest

Table 1 Measurements of cheek teeth of Coelodontomys asiaticus (mm)

		This paper				Wang, 2001
		This paper				Wang, 2001		IVPP V 26552.1	V 26552.2	range	mean
		left	right	left	right					range	mean
P4	L	3.90	3.45	5.10	5.00	3.24-5.20	4.03
	W	3.80	3.55	4.00	4.20	3.30-6.15	4.89
M1	L			5.80	6.10	3.12-5.46	3.97
	W			3.60	3.80	4.10-7.34	5.65
p4	L	4.50				4.06-5.50	4.57
	W	4.40				4.63-6.57	5.55
m1	L	4.50				3.46-5.60	4.23
	W	4.50				4.90-7.17	5.97
m2	L	4.00				3.78-5.50	4.24
	W	4.50				4.50-6.14	5.32
m3	L	4.30				3.35-4.34	3.69
	W	4.50				4.20-5.95	4.88

Fig. 3 Cheek teeth of Coelodontomys asiaticus from the “Upper White” beds of the Erden Obo section A. occlusal view of the maxillae with left and right P4-M1s (IVPP V 26552.2); B. sagittal section of the left P4 (V 26552.2); C. buccal view of the left maxilla showing the P4 to the buccal side of the I2 (V 26552.1); D. medial view of the left maxilla showing M1-3 to the medial side of the I2 (V 26552.1); E. anterior view of the mandibles showing the positions of the i2 and p4 (V 26552.1)

Fig. 4 Gobiocylindrodon sp. from the “Lower Red” beds of the Erden Obo section A, B. IVPP V 26553.1, occlusal (A) and buccal (B) views of the right mandible with m1-3; C. V 26553.2, occlusal view of the left mandible with m2-3

Table 2 Molar measurements and comparisons of Gobiocylindrodon and Yuomys magnus (mm)

		Gobiocylindrodon sp.		Gobiocylindrodon ulausuensis		Yuomys magnus
		IVPP V 26553.1	V 26553.2	(from Ula Usu West, Li et al., 2019)		(Li, 2019)
				range	mean	range	mean
m1	L	3.10		3-3.1	3.07
	W	2.95		3-3.1	3.02
m2	L	3.20	3.45	3-3.5	3.24	4.3	4.3
	W	3.15	3.30	3.1-3.5	3.25
m3	L	4.25	3.85	4.2	4.2	5.4	5.4
	W	3.40	3.00	3.2-3.45	3.35	4.7-4.75	4.73

Fig. 5 Proardynomys sp. from the “Middle Red” beds of the Erden Obo section A. IVPP V 26554.1, right mandible with m1-2; B. V 26554.2, left m2; C. V 26554.3, left m2; D. V 26554.4, right m1 (or m2); E. V 26554.5, right mandible with m2-3

Table 3 Molar measurements and comparisons of Proardynomys (mm)

		Proardynomys sp.			Proardynomys borkhoii
		Proardynomys sp.			(Dashzeveg and Meng, 1998)
		n	range	mean	PSS 41-30	PSS 41-29
m1	L	2	3.20-3.30	3.25	3.82	3.54
	W	2	3.20-3.50	3.35	3.44	3.00
m2	L	3	3.20-3.50	3.40	4.10	3.70
	W	3	3.50	3.50	3.46	3.14
m3	L	1	4.60		4.36
	W	1	3.50		3.45

Fig. 6 Cylindrodontidae gen. et sp. indet. from the “Middle Red” beds of the Erden Obo section A. IVPP V 26555.1, fragmentary left maxilla with M1 (or M2); B. V 26555.2, right M3

Fig. 7 Yuomys sp. from the “Lower White” beds of the Erden Obo section A. IVPP V 26556.1, fragmentary right maxilla with P4; B. V 26556.2, right m1; C. V 26556.3, right m2

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