Abstract: Two new avian fossils from the Late Eocene of Xinjiang in western China appear to document the possible first occurrence of the extinct anseriform group Romainvilliinae (Anatidae) within China and Asia. The tarsometatarsus has several anseriform and anatid characters, and a combination of traits only reported from the romainvilliines among waterfowl. The absence of a medial flange on the second trochlea, its large size similar to extant swans, and asymmetrical proximal end of the plantar side of the third trochlea indicate that this specimen represents a new unnamed taxon. The equally large femur specimen exhibits morphology consistent with the anatid, and possible romainvilliine, Cygnopterus affinis from the Early Oligocene of Belgium. If these unnamed fossils represent Asian romainvilliines, they support a geographic range extension of the group, the occurrence of large body-sized romainvilliines in the Eocene, and an avifaunal biogeographic link between Europe and Asia during the Eocene prior to the end of the Turgai Strait as a dispersal barrier to most mammals.