Abstract: An incomplete right dentary retaining m2 and m3 was recovered from the upper Lower Miocene of Ganchiliang, in the Linxia Basin. The part of the corpus anterior to the molars is strongly elongated, but not inclined or deflected downward. The mandibular angle of the ramus is in a low position. The molars are small and morphologically primitive. The interlophids are moderately anteroposteriorly open. Clear indications of further subdivision are absent in the posttrite half lophids and in the pretrite central conules. The major characters of the partial dentary correspond to those of Gomphotherium inopinatum from the Lower Miocene of the Turgai region of Kazakhstan, and the new Ganchiliang specimen is accordingly referred to this species. This is the first report of G. inopinatum from China, and G. inopinatum in turn represents the most basal species of Gomphotherium so far known in the Chinese record. Among other Gomphotherium species known from China, G. wimani represents a derived east Eurasian form that appears to be closely related to the European species G. steinheimense. Gomphotherium connexumseems to be a member of the “G. angustidens group”, given its strong morphological resemblance to G. angustidens. G. subtapiroideum may represent another evolutionary branch of the “G. angustidens group”, distinct from G. angustidens. “G. shensiensis” may represent a variation of G. subtapiroideum.