Abstract: Recent research has greatly increased the information available on Asian Paleocene and early Eocene mammal faunas, creating the need to update the existing Asian biochronological and biogeographical framework. Based on a quantitative and qualitative analysis, biochronological boundaries are refined to correspond to major faunal turnovers, and an improved age correlation and biogeography of the Paleocene and early Eocene Asian Land Mammal Ages (ALMAs) is proposed. The poorly known Shanghuan ALMA is characterised as an assemblage dominated by primitive gliriforms and pantodonts. The following Nongshanian ALMA shows an endemic diversification of Asian mammals. Gliriforms radiated, with the appearance of new basal gliriforms and the first appearance of true Glires. The Shanghuan/Nongshanian boundary has been correlated to the Torrejonian/Tiffanian boundary in North America, and it is suggested here that the faunal turnover was possibly triggered by the start of a period of global cooling. The following Gashatan ALMA witnesses a further diversification and an abrupt reduction of the endemism of Asian mammals. Multituberculates, nyctitheriids, cimolestids and carpolestids appeared in the Gashatan faunas and represent North American immigrants. Conversely, a first wave of Asian mammals consisting of arctostylopids and prodinoceratids invaded North America at the start of Tiffanian-5a, and a second wave consisting of rodents, tillodonts and coryphodontids arrived in North America at the beginning of the Clarkforkian. The start of the Gashatan is therefore correlated with the start of North American Tiffanian-5a. The start of the Bumbanian ALMA is marked by the first appearance of artiodactyls, perissodactyls and true primates, similar to their appearance in North America and Europe at the start of the Eocene, and is correlated to the Paleocene-Eocene boundary. Contrasting with dispersal at the start of the Gashatan, dispersal during the Bumbanian seems to have been possible during a more extended period, and was also possible directly between Asia and Europe.