最大的梳颌翼龙类成员朱氏莫干翼龙再研究

doi:10.19615/j.cnki.2096-9899.220111

古脊椎动物学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (3): 197-211.DOI: 10.19615/j.cnki.2096-9899.220111

最大的梳颌翼龙类成员朱氏莫干翼龙再研究

高殿松¹, 蒋顺兴²^,³^,^*(), 徐莉¹, 程心⁴^,⁵, 杨丽丽¹, 贾松海¹, 汪筱林²^,³^,⁶

1 河南自然博物馆郑州 450016
2 中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室北京 100044
3 中国科学院生物演化与环境卓越创新中心北京 100044
4 巴西卡里里地区大学古生物实验室克拉图 63100-000
5 吉林大学地球科学学院长春 130061
6 中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院北京 100049

收稿日期:2021-09-16 出版日期:2022-06-20 发布日期:2022-07-07
基金资助:
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(XDB26000000);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(XDB18000000);国家自然科学基金(42072028);国家自然科学基金(41572020);国家自然科学基金(42072017);国家自然科学基金(41688103);中国科学院青年创新促进会(2019075);巴西塞阿拉州科技发展基金会(Fundacão Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico);巴西塞阿拉州科技发展基金会(FUNCAP no DCR-0024-02039.01.00/)

Reappraisal of the largest ctenochasmatid Moganopterus zhuiana Lü et al., 2012

GAO Dian-Song¹, JIANG Shun-Xing²^,³^,^*(), XU Li¹, CHENG Xin⁴^,⁵, YANG Li-Li¹, JIA Song-Hai¹, WANG Xiao-Lin²^,³^,⁶

1 Henan Natural History Museum Zhengzhou 450016, China
2 Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044, China
3 CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment Beijing 100044, China
4 Laboratório de Paleontologia da URCA, Universidade Regional do Cariri Crato 63100-000, Brazil
5 College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University Changchun 130061, China
6 College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049, China

Received:2021-09-16 Published:2022-06-20 Online:2022-07-07
Contact: * jiangshunxing@ivpp.ac.cn

1. Supplementary file.rar(20KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

朱氏莫干翼龙(Moganopterus zhuiana)由吕君昌等于2012年建立,并将其归入北方翼龙科(Boreopteridae), 这一分类在发表后不久就受到了不同研究者的质疑。之后,尽管关于莫干翼龙归入梳颌翼龙科(Ctenochasmatidae)的观点已被大部分翼龙研究者所接受,但是很多特征还需要详细的描述。通过对朱氏莫干翼龙的正型标本进行详细观察,对一些较为模糊的特征进行了重新确认。将其鉴定特征修改为：一种大型的梳颌翼龙类成员,具有一个与其他成员不同的自有裔征——一长棍状额骨嵴向后背侧延伸,并与头骨腹面形成15°夹角。同时莫干翼龙还具有以下的特征组合可以区别于其他梳颌翼龙类成员：平直的上下颌咬合面;低矮的前上颌骨嵴位于鼻眶前孔之前;吻端约占头骨长度的2/3; 鼻眶前孔占头骨长度略大于20%; 100枚细长的牙齿;中部颈椎的长宽比约为7。依据梳颌翼龙类翼展和头骨长度的线性关系,重新推测了莫干翼龙的翼展。新的推测结果证实,虽然比最初推测的小了很多,但莫干翼龙仍然是已知的个体最大的梳颌翼龙类成员。对比侏罗纪和白垩纪的梳颌翼龙类,这一种类的体型大致存在一个增大的趋势。

关键词: 辽宁, 九佛堂组, 朱氏莫干翼龙, 最大的梳颌翼龙类

Abstract:

Moganopterus zhuiana Lü et al., 2012 was erected as a member of the Boreopteridae, which was questioned by different researchers shortly after the publication. Although the new assignment to the Ctenochasmatidae is widely accepted by pterosaur researchers, some characteristics still require a detailed description. Here, the holotype of this taxon is restudied, and some ambiguous characteristics are re-identified. The diagnosis of this taxon has been revised as the following: a large ctenochasmatid pterosaur, which can be distinguished from other members of this clade by a single autapomorphy: an elongated rod-like parietal crest that extends posterodorsally, forming an angle of about 15° with the ventral margin of the skull. This taxon can be further distinguished from other ctenochasmatids on the basis of the following combination of characteristics: straight occlusal surfaces of the upper and low jaws; presence of a low premaxillary crest confined anterior to the nasoantorbital fenestra; rostrum about two thirds of the skull length; nasoantorbital fenestra occupying slightly more than 20% of the skull length; about 100 slender teeth; and a mid-cervical length/width ratio of about 7. The wingspan of M. zhuiana has been re-estimated according to a simple regression equation for wingspan versus skull length in ctenochasmatids. It confirms that M. zhuiana, although smaller than previous thought, is still the largest known ctenochasmatid. When comparing the sizes of ctenochasmatids in the Jurassic and Cretaceous, ctenochasmatids showed a rough tendency to increase their sizes.

Key words: Liaoning, Jiufotang Formation, Moganopterus zhuiana, largest ctenochasmatid

中图分类号:

Q915.864

高殿松, 蒋顺兴, 徐莉, 程心, 杨丽丽, 贾松海, 汪筱林. 最大的梳颌翼龙类成员朱氏莫干翼龙再研究. 古脊椎动物学报, 2022, 60(3): 197-211.

GAO Dian-Song, JIANG Shun-Xing, XU Li, CHENG Xin, YANG Li-Li, JIA Song-Hai, WANG Xiao-Lin. Reappraisal of the largest ctenochasmatid Moganopterus zhuiana Lü et al., 2012. Vertebrata Palasiatica, 2022, 60(3): 197-211.

图/表 9

Fig. 1 Photographs and reconstruction of the holotype of Moganopterus zhuiana (HGM 41HIII-0419) from Jianchang, Liaoning A. slab A; B. slab B; C. the reconstruction of the upper and lower jaws

Table 1 Measurements of cranial elements of Moganopterus zhuiana (HGM 41HIII-0419) from Jianchang, Liaoning (mm)

Elements	Values
skull length (pm-sq)	740.36
skull height	66.58
rostral length	497.49
rostral height (at the anterior margin of nasoantorbital fenestra)	38.37
nasoantorbital fenestra tip height to the ventral margin of skull	21.33
nasoantorbital fenestra length	165.77
nasoantorbital fenestra height	31.00^*
parietal crest length	177.92^**
upper tooth raw length	211.42
mandibular length	685.18

Fig. 2 Close-up of the posterior part of the upper and lower jaws of Moganopterus zhuiana (HGM 41HIII-0419) from Jianchang, Liaoning A. slab A; B. slab B (inverted); A and B can be superposed with left and top alignments

Fig. 3 Line drawings and reconstruction of the posterior part of the upper and lower jaws of Moganopterus zhuiana (HGM 41HIII-0419, the same region as that in Fig. 2) from Jianchang, Liaoning A. slab A; B. slab B (inverted); C. the reconstruction based on the superposed line drawings of A and B Abbreviations: art. articular; at. atlas; ax. axis; bs. basisphenoid; cv3. the third cervical vertebra; d. dentary; dep. depression; ex. exoccipital; f. frontal; fola. lacrimal foramen; j. jugal; l. left; la. lacrimal; ltf. lower temporal fenestra; m. maxilla; na. nasal; naof. nasoantorbital fenestra; oc. occipital condyle; op. opisthotic; orb. orbit; p. parietal; pcr. parietal crest; pm. premaxilla; po. postorbital; prf. prefrontal; pty. pterygoid; q. quadrate; qj. quadratojugal; r. right; rapr. retroarticular process; sq. squamosal

Fig. 4 Close-up of the anterior part of the upper and lower jaws of Moganopterus zhuiana (HGM 41HIII-0419) from Jianchang, Liaoning A. slab A; B. slab B (inverted); A and B can be superposed with left and top alignments The white, red, and blue arrows indicate the suture between premaxilla and maxilla, the preserved alveoli, and estimated alveoli, respectively

Fig. 5 Close-up of the third and fourth cervical vertebrae on slab A of Moganopterus zhuiana (HGM 41HIII-0419) from Jianchang, Liaoning Abbreviations: cv3. the third cervical vertebra; cv4. the fourth cervical vertebra; poex. postexapophysis; poz. postzygapophysis; prz. prezygapophysis

Table 2 The measurements of cervical vertebrae of Moganopterus zhuiana (HGM 41HIII-0419) from Jianchang, Liaoning (mm)

	Length (prz-poz)	Mid-width
Cervical 3	92.81	20.45
Cervical 4	142.89	21.04

Table 3 Skull length and wingspans of ctenochasmatids (mm)

	Skull	Wingspan	Sources
Ctenochasma elegans BSP 1875.XIV.501	33	243.2	Wellnhofer, 1970
Ctenochasma elegans BSP 1867.II.1	33.5	228.2	Wellnhofer, 1970
Ctenochasma elegans (No. 47)	34	246	Wellnhofer, 1970
Ctenochasma elegans PMZ A/III 100	39	271.6	Wellnhofer, 1970
Ctenochasma elegans (No. 49)	42	272.2	Wellnhofer, 1970
Ctenochasma elegans SoS 4007	42.5	296.6	Wellnhofer, 1970
Ctenochasma elegans MBH (No. 51)	43.5	298	Wellnhofer, 1970
Ctenochasma elegans GIE (No. 52)	55	359	Wellnhofer, 1970
Pterodaustro guinazui PVL 3860	235	1286	Wellnhofer, 1978
Forfexopterus jeholensis HM V20	510^*	2362.6	Jiang et al., 2016

Fig. 6 Wingspan variations of ctenochasmatids from the Late Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous Geological time according to the International Chronostratigraphic Chart (v 2021/07) Red, blue, and yellow color indicate mature, immature, and indeterminate ontogenetic stage, respectively See more information in the supplementary file Abbreviations: Bc. Beipiaopterus chenianus; Ce. Ctenochasma elegans; Cg. Cathayopterus grabaui; Cr. Ctenochasma roemeri; Ct. Ctenochasma taqueti;Ep. Elanodactylus prolatus; Ey. Eosipterus yangi; Fj. Forfexopterus jeholensis; Fy. Feilongus youngi; Gc. Gegepterus changae; Gs. Gnathosaurus subulatus; Hq. Huanhepterus quingyangensis; Lp. Liaodactylus primus; Mz. Moganopterus zhuiana; Pg. Pterodaustro guinazui; Pq. Pterofiltrus qiui; Ps. Plataleorhynchus streptophorodon

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最大的梳颌翼龙类成员朱氏莫干翼龙再研究

Reappraisal of the largest ctenochasmatid Moganopterus zhuiana Lü et al., 2012

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