云南晚中新世一巨型竹鼠

doi:10.19615/j.cnki.2096-9899.230710

古脊椎动物学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (4): 277-283.DOI: 10.19615/j.cnki.2096-9899.230710CSTR: 32090.14.j.cnki.2096-9899.230710

云南晚中新世一巨型竹鼠

劳伦斯J.弗林¹, 李强², 吉学平⁵, 王晓鸣²^,⁶

1 哈佛大学人类演化生物学系马萨诸塞州剑桥 02138
2 中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所，中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室北京 100044
3 亚利桑那州立大学人类起源研究所及人类演化与社会变化学院坦佩 85287
4 宾夕法尼亚州立大学人类学系帕克分校 16802
5 中国科学院昆明动物研究所昆明动物博物馆昆明 650201
6 洛杉矶自然历史博物馆古脊椎动物学系洛杉矶 90007

收稿日期:2023-05-18 出版日期:2023-10-20 发布日期:2023-10-25
基金资助:
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察专项(2019QZKK0705);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(XDB26000000);国家自然科学基金(41430102);美国国家科学基金(1227927)

A giant bamboo rat from the latest Miocene of Yunnan

Lawrence J. FLYNN¹, LI Qiang², Jay KELLEY¹^,³, Nina G. JABLONSKI⁴, JI Xue-Ping⁵, Denise F. SU³, WANG Xiao-Ming²^,⁶

1 Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138, USA
2 Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044, China
3 Institute of Human Origins and School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
4 Department of Anthropology, The Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA 16802, USA
5 Kunming Natural History Museum of Zoology, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650201, China
6 Department of Vertebrate Paleontology, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 900 Exposition Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA

Received:2023-05-18 Published:2023-10-20 Online:2023-10-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

云南昭通盆地水塘坝地点的褐煤沉积出产中新世末期脊椎动物化石。为增加小哺乳动物的样品，我们在2014年对出产化石的沉积物开展尝试性筛洗。通过筛洗，获得了4颗竹鼠的牙齿。这种竹鼠个体极大，远大于水塘坝已知的竹鼠，代表了一个新种。新种的臼齿尺寸明显大于所有已知的Miorhizomys 种类，臼齿高冠，齿沟内充填白垩质，不甚前后向压缩。新种在水塘坝的出现年代为6.2-6.7 Ma。这一发现显示，在约6 Ma现生属Rhizomys 在山西北部地区出现之前，已绝灭的Miorhizomys 就展现出了较高的多样性。

关键词: 云南，水塘坝，晚中新世，小哺乳动物，竹鼠

Abstract:

The Shuitangba subbasin lignite deposits of the Zhaotong Basin in northern Yunnan Province have produced vertebrate fossils of terminal Miocene age. We conducted test wet screening of fossiliferous sediment in 2014 to increase representation of small mammals. This effort produced four teeth of a very large bamboo rat, much larger than the previously known bamboo rat present at Shuitangba, and representing a new species. This new species is characterized by its molars being remarkably larger than those of other known species of Miorhizomys , and being hypsodont with cementum, and less anterorposteriorly compressed. The age of this new species from Shuitangba is in the range of 6.2 to 6.7 Ma. It appears that diverse bamboo rats of the extinct genus Miorhizomys were present in the Late Miocene of Yunnan, somewhat before the 6 Ma appearance of extant Rhizomys to the north in the vicinity of Shanxi Province.

Key words: Shuitangba, Yunnan, Late Miocene, small mammals, bamboo rat

中图分类号:

Q915.873

劳伦斯J.弗林, 李强, 吉学平, 王晓鸣. 云南晚中新世一巨型竹鼠. 古脊椎动物学报, 2023, 61(4): 277-283.

Lawrence J. FLYNN, LI Qiang, Jay KELLEY, Nina G. JABLONSKI, JI Xue-Ping, Denise F. SU, WANG Xiao-Ming. A giant bamboo rat from the latest Miocene of Yunnan. Vertebrata Palasiatica, 2023, 61(4): 277-283.

图/表 4

Fig. 1 Isolated molars of the large bamboo rat Miorhizomys gigas sp. nov., in occlusal view A. holotype ZT 2014-0266, right M1; B. ZT 2014-0170, left m3, reversed image so that it appears as right; C. ZT 2014-0392, reversed left m2; D. ZT 2014-0470, right m1. Scale bar = 1 cm

Table 1 Dimensions (maxima) of isolated molars of Miorhizomys gigas sp. nov. in occlusal view (mm)

Specimen	Length	Width
M1, ZT 2014-0266, holotype	6.8	7.1
m1, broken, ZT 2014-0470	-	4.75
m2, ZT 2014-0392	7.1	7.0
m3, ZT 2014-0170	7.8	7.6

Fig. 2 Line drawing of molars of Miorhizomys gigas sp. nov. and Rhizomys sinensis A. lingual view of holotype ZT 2014-0266, right M1 of Miorhizomys gigas sp. nov., cementum fills the hypostria; B. comparison of M. gigas m2 ZT 2014-0392 with right mandibular tooth row of extant Rhizomys sinensis (AMNH 115527). Scale bar = 1 cm

Table 2 Size comparisons for select lower second molars of fossil bamboo rats, Tribe Rhizomyini (mm)

Species	Specimen	Length	Width
Miorhizomys gigas sp. nov.	ZT 2014-0392	7.1	7.0
Cf. M. tetracharax	ZT 2007-206	4.4	4.5
Cf. M. tetracharax	Lufeng	4.1	4.6
Cf. M. pilgrimi	Lufeng	4.7	5.0
Miorhizomys tetracharax	Siwalik average*	4.2	4.3
Cf. M. pilgrimi	Siwalik YGSP 8366*	5.3	4.6
Miorhizomys choristos	Siwalik YGSP 4053*	5.6	4.4
Anepsirhizomys opdykei	Siwalik DP 678*	6.7	5.3

参考文献 11

[1]	Dong W, Ji X P, Jablonski N G et al., 2014. New materials of the Late Miocene Muntiacus from Zhaotong hominoid site in southern China. Vert PalAsiat, 52: 316-327
[2]	Flynn L J, 1982. Systematic revision of Siwalik Rhizomyidae (Rodentia). Géobios, 15(3): 327-389 DOI URL
[3]	Flynn L J, 2009. The antiquity of Rhizomys and independent acquisition of fossorial traits in Subterranean Muroids. In: Voss R S, Carleton M D eds. Systematic Mammalogy: Contributions in Honor of Guy G. Musser. Bull Am Mus Nat Hist, 331: 128-156
[4]	Flynn L J, Qi G Q, 1982. Age of the Lufeng, China, hominoid locality. Nature, 298: 746-747 DOI
[5]	Flynn L J, Wu W Y, 2017. The bamboo rats and porcupines of Yushe Basin. In: Flynn L J, Wu W Y eds. Late Cenozoic Yushe Basin, Shanxi Province, China: Geology and Fossil Mammals, Vol II, Small Mammal Fossils of Yushe Basin. Dordrecht: Springer. 199-204
[6]	Flynn L J, Jin C Z, Kelley J et al., 2019. Late Miocene fossil calibration from Yunnan Province for the striped rabbit Nesolagus . Vert PalAsiat, 57: 214-224
[7]	Gradstein F M, Ogg J G, Schmitz M D G et al., 2012. A Geologic Time Scale, 2012. Amsterdam: Elsevier
[8]	Ji X P, Jablonski N G, Tong H W et al., 2015. Tapirus yunnanensis from Shuitangba, a terminal Miocene hominoid site in Zhaotong, Yunnan Province of China. Vert PalAsiat, 53: 177-192
[9]	Jablonski N G, Su D F, Flynn L J et al., 2014. The site of Shuitangba (Yunnan, China) preserves a unique, terminal Miocene fauna. J Vert Paleont, 34: 1251-1257 DOI URL
[10]	Millien V, Bovy H, 2010. When teeth and bones disagree: body mass estimation of a giant extinct rodent. J Mammal, 91: 11-18 DOI URL
[11]	Teilhard de Chardin P, 1942. New rodents of the Pliocene and lower Pleistocene of north China. Publ Inst Géo-Biol, 9: 1-101

[1]	权硕硕, 王元青. 亚洲首个全棱兽类(哺乳纲：全齿目)化石及其动物地理学意义. 古脊椎动物学报, 2024, 62(4): 291-312.
[2]	王伴月, 邱占祥. 甘肃临夏盆地牙沟地区椒子沟组底部的小哺乳动物化石. 古脊椎动物学报, 2023, 61(4): 284-316.
[3]	王伴月, 邱占祥, 王世骐. 甘肃临夏盆地椒子沟组上部满散村小哺乳动物群. 古脊椎动物学报, 2023, 61(2): 123-141.
[4]	李琪, 李茜. 内蒙古二连盆地沙拉木伦期啮齿类动物群研究. 古脊椎动物学报, 2023, 61(1): 43-70.
[5]	刘金毅, 张颖奇, 迟振卿, 王永, 杨劲松, 郑绍华. 泥河湾盆地叶沟晚上新世贺风三趾马动物群及其生物地层学意义. 古脊椎动物学报, 2022, 60(4): 278-323.
[6]	王伴月. 副竹鼠(拟速掘鼠亚科,鼠超科)一新种在甘肃临夏盆地的发现. 古脊椎动物学报, 2022, 60(4): 271-277.
[7]	王倩, 刘艳, 王李花, 傅明楷, 张兆群. 内蒙古韩家营玄武岩夹层中三趾马动物群化石. 古脊椎动物学报, 2021, 59(2): 125-137.
[8]	安晓青, 张兆群. 气候变化与早期兔形类的演化：基于内蒙古Ordolagus新材料的研究. 古脊椎动物学报, 2021, 59(2): 138-168.
[9]	李茜. 内蒙古二连盆地额尔登敖包剖面新增查干鼠类、圆柱齿鼠类及梳趾鼠类化石材料. 古脊椎动物学报, 2021, 59(1): 1-18.
[10]	邱铸鼎, 王晓鸣, 李强, 李录, 王洪江, 陈海峰. 内蒙古哈拉津胡舒晚中新世动物群. 古脊椎动物学报, 2021, 59(1): 19-26.
[11]	张立民, 董为, 倪喜军, 李强. 晚中新世晚期土城子小哺乳动物组合及土城子动物群在内蒙古中部地区新近纪哺乳动物群序列中的位置. 古脊椎动物学报, 2021, 59(1): 45-63.
[12]	徐冉成, 李茜. 内蒙古乌兰塔塔尔地区早渐新世梳趾鼠类头骨新材料. 古脊椎动物学报, 2020, 58(4): 305-327.
[13]	DUCROCQ Stéphane. 泰国晚始新世Anthracokeryx thailandicus Ducrocq, 1999(石炭兽科,小丘齿兽亚科)的分类修订. 古脊椎动物学报, 2020, 58(4): 293-304.
[14]	王伴月, 邱占祥. 豪猪化石在临夏盆地的新发现. 古脊椎动物学报, 2020, 58(3): 204-220.
[15]	王伴月, 邱占祥, 李绿洲. 甘肃和政晚中新世许氏鼠(啮齿类：鼠科)头骨化石. 古脊椎动物学报, 2020, 58(2): 120-133.

云南晚中新世一巨型竹鼠

A giant bamboo rat from the latest Miocene of Yunnan

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 4

参考文献 11

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics