内蒙古哈拉津胡舒晚中新世动物群

doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.201126

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

过去40年,在内蒙古中部地区的陆相新近纪化石地点中应用了筛选技术,采集到大量标本,这些发现迅速填补着晚新生代动物群演替和生物年代学认识的空白。在把孤立的化石组合按时代先后进行排序和建立动物群序列框架中,小哺乳动物的发现和研究发挥了至关重要的作用。报道了另一个产自哈拉津胡舒地点的晚中新世动物群,这个动物群再次展示了蒙古高原上令人“叹为观止”的化石种类和丰度。新地点位于该地区的最北部,并为玄武岩所覆盖,产出的标本计有7000余件,代表大、小哺乳动物达63种。虽然这一动物群混杂了少量下部层位的属种,但它不失为内蒙古中部地区一个较为真实地反映晚中新世小哺乳动物组成和生态环境的动物群。初步分析表明,哈拉津胡舒动物群属中国陆生哺乳动物年代的晚中新世早期的灞河期,可能比阿木乌苏动物群稍晚,但比沙拉动物群略早。

关键词: 内蒙古哈拉津胡舒, 中新世灞河期, 小哺乳动物, 岩石地层

Abstract:

Discoveries during the past 40 years of continental Neogene fossil sites in central Nei Mongol, through the adoption of screen washing techniques, have rapidly filled previous gaps in our knowledge of late Cenozoic faunal evolution and biochronology. Small mammals have become the backbone of our efforts in serializing individual fossil assemblages and in establishing a detailed framework of faunal sequence. We present another Late Miocene fauna from a new Halajin Hushu locality that, once again, shows the “embarrassing riches” of the Mongolian Plateau. The new locality is the northern-most fossil site in this region and is capped by a sheet of basalt. The new fossil assemblage is represented by 62 taxa of small mammals and one large mammal based on more than 7000 specimens. Our collections thus captured a remarkably complete small mammal fauna, possibly including 6 reworked species. Despite this mixture of reworked taxa from strata of older age, the Halajin hushu Fauna closely represents a coherent Late Miocene small mammal assemblage and its environments. Our preliminary analysis suggests a Bahean Chinese Land Mammal age in the early Late Miocene for the Halajin Hushu Fauna, probably slightly younger than Amuwusu Fauna but older than Shala Fauna.

Key words: Halajin Hushu, Nei Mongol, Miocene, Bahean, small mammals, lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy

中图分类号:

Q915.873

邱铸鼎, 王晓鸣, 李强, 李录, 王洪江, 陈海峰. 内蒙古哈拉津胡舒晚中新世动物群. 古脊椎动物学报, 2021, 59(1): 19-26.

QIU Zhu-Ding, WANG Xiao-Ming, LI Qiang, LI Lu, WANG Hong-Jiang, CHEN Hai-Feng. Late Miocene mammalian fauna of Halajin Hushu in Nei Mongol, China. Vertebrata Palasiatica, 2021, 59(1): 19-26.

图/表 7

Fig. 1 Geographic location of the fossil site Halajin Hushu in Nei Mongol

Fig. 2 Map of Abag Volcanic Field showing contact relationships of Neogene sediments and capping basalts The Halajin Hushu locality is the northern-most fossil site associated with basalts. Only one fossil site is shown for each formations or beds that contain a discrete fauna. Cenozoic exposures and basalts are drawn from satellite images in Google Earth Pro (Version 7.3.3.7699) (2020), as is the inset (upper right) with semitransparent color enhancements of basal and Cenozoic exposures

Table 1 Taxa and specimen number (N) of the Halajin Hushu assemblage

Taxa	N	Taxa	N
Eulipotyphla		Zapodidae
Erinaceidae		Parasminthus tangingoli*	11
Mioechinus? gobiensis	1142	P. parvulus*	5
Erinaceus sp.	2	Eozapus major	13
Talpidae		Sinozapus parvus	264
Yanshuella cf. Y. primaeva	117	Sicista sp.	257
Quyania cf. Q. chowi	52	Heterosminthus orientalis	931
Desmanella storchi	155	Lophocricetus xianensis	1119
Talpinae indet.	41	Zapodidae indet. 1	17
Soricidae		Zapodidae indet. 2	7
Mongolosorex sp.	2	Dipodidae
Sorex cf. S. minutoides	12	Protalactaga lantianensis	4
Sorex ertemteensis	128	Paralactaga shalaensis	4
Petenyia cf. P. katrinae	28	Cricetidae
Cokia kowalskae	19	Alloeumyarion sp.*	3
Paranourosorex cf. P. inexspectatus	171	Democricetodon lindsayi	8
Paenelimnoecus obtusus	2	Plesiodipus leei*	10
Soricidae indet.	2	P. progressus	7
Chiroptera		P. robustus	4
Chiroptera indet.	1	Gobicricetodon robustus	5
Rodentia		Gobicricetodon aff. G. flynni	3
Ctenodactylidae		Khanomys baii	72
Tataromys sp.*	2	Colloides xiaomingi	8
Aplodontidae		Colloides sp. nov.	35
Ansomys borealis	9	Kowalskia shalaensis	233
A. lophodens	21	Microtoscoptes sp.	1
Pseudaplodon amuwusuensis	1	Ischymomys sp.	2
Sciuridae		Epimeriones sp. nov.	116
Tamias ertemtensis	339	Baranomyinae indet.	98
Spermophilinus sp.	13	Spalacidae
Atlantoxerus sp.	5	Pararhizomys qinensis	3
Prospermophilus orientalis	76	Gerbillidae
Hylopetes sp.	3	Myocricetodon sp.*	3
Gliridae		Myospalacidae
Orientiglis wuae	227	Prosiphneus qiui	199
Eomyidae		Lagomorpha
Leptodontomys gansus	405	Ochotonidae
L. lii	52	Desmatolagus sp.	23
Keramidomys fahlbuschi	41	Ochotona sp.	364
K. magnus	254	Artiodactyla
Castoridae		Moschidae
Monosaulax tungurensis	10	Moschidae indet.	15
Castor sp.	1

Fig. 3 Stratigraphic section of Halajin Hushu A. photograph of Halajin Hushu section (photo looking southward and taken on August 4, 2015 by X. Wang); B. closeup of exposures at fossiliferous horizon and a nodular zone immediately above (photo looking eastward and taken on June 18, 2018 by X. Wang); C. measured section of Halajin Hushu strata

Fig. 4 Selected specimens of small mammals from Halajin Hushu Yanshuella cf. Y. primaeva (1-4), left P4-M3; Orientiglis wuae (5-8), left P4-M3; Leptodontomys gansus (9-12), left P4-M3; Eozapus major (13-15), right M1-M2 (reversed) and left M3; Lophocricetus xianensis (16-18), left M1-M3; Kowalskia shalaensis (19-21), left M1-M3; Colloides sp. nov. (22-24), left m1-m3; Epimeriones sp. nov. (25-33), left m1-m3; 1-27. occlusal view, 28-30. lingual view, 31-33. buccal view; scales: * for 1-4, # for 5-24, + for 25-33

Fig. 5 Selected specimens of moschids, Moschidae indet. from Halajin Hushu Left upper molar (1-3), right upper molar (4-6), left m1/2 (7-9), right p4 (10-12), partial right p3 (13-15), and right p2 (16-18); 1, 4, 7, 12, 15, 18. buccal views; 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17. occlusal views; 3, 6, 9, 10, 13, 16. lingual views

Fig. 6 Biostratigraphic range of rodent genera of the Halajin Hushu Fauna in the Neogene of central Nei Mongol

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