西域鱼在江西和塔里木盆地志留系的新发现
收稿日期: 2023-06-10
网络出版日期: 2023-09-04
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(41972006);国家自然科学基金(42072026)
New findings of Xiyuichthys (Xiushuiaspidae, Galeaspida) from the Silurian of Jiangxi Province and Tarim Basin
Received date: 2023-06-10
Online published: 2023-09-04
描述了盔甲鱼亚纲修水鱼科西域鱼属在中国志留系的新发现，包括江西九江清水组的一新种——澧溪西域鱼(Xiyuichthys lixiensis sp. nov.)和新疆塔里木盆地塔塔埃尔塔格组的张氏西域鱼(X. zhangi )新材料。澧溪西域鱼的典型特征为：部分头甲侧缘呈锯齿状；头甲纹饰由极为粗大的瘤状突起组成(每平方毫米仅有1个突起)。赣西北志留纪早期生物地层序列较为完整，可以建立标准剖面，为华南和塔里木板块志留纪浅海红层的对比提供参照。因此，澧溪西域鱼在赣西北志留系下红层清水组中的发现具有重要的生物地层意义。该种能和塔里木盆地塔塔埃尔塔格组中的张氏西域鱼直接对比，进一步支持塔里木板块的塔塔埃尔塔格组和华南板块的志留系下红层之间的对应关系。化石记录显示，修水鱼科具有较长的地层延限，但在不同的层位显示出不同的组成面貌，其中西域鱼属和长兴鱼属出现在志留系下红层(清水组、唐家坞组和塔塔埃尔塔格组), 修水鱼属则出现在志留系上红层(西坑组)。
关键词： 赣西北，塔里木盆地; 志留纪早期; 清水组，塔塔埃尔塔格组; 盔甲鱼类; 生物地层
山显任 , 林翔鸿 , 张雨萌 , 李旭彤 , 盖志琨 . 西域鱼在江西和塔里木盆地志留系的新发现[J]. 古脊椎动物学报, 2023 , 61(4) : 245 -260 . DOI: 10.19615/j.cnki.2096-9899.230904
New findings of the early Silurian Xiyuichthys (Xiushuiaspidae, Galeaspida), Xiyuichthys lixiensis sp. nov. and X. zhangi are described from the Qingshui Formation in Jiangxi Province and the Tataertag Formation in Tarim Basin respectively. X. lixiensis sp. nov. is characterized by the partially serrated lateral margin of the headshield and the ornamentation composed of extremely coarse granular tubercles (one tubercle per square millimetre). The complete early Silurian biostratigraphic sequence in northwestern Jiangxi warrants the erection of a standard section for the correlation of Silurian shallow marine red beds in South China and Tarim blocks. Thus, the finding of X. lixiensis from the Qingshui Formation (Silurian Lower Red Beds) in Jiujiang of Jiangxi bears important biostratigraphic significance. It can directly compare to X. zhangi from the Tataertag Formation in Tarim Basin on the specific level, which corroborates the correlations between the Tataertag Formation in Tarim Block and the Silurian Lower Red Beds in South China. Fossil records suggest that Xiushuiaspidae have a relatively broader stratigraphic range, but exhibit distinct composition at different stratigraphic horizons, with Xiyuichthys and Changxingaspis arising in the Silurian Lower Red Beds (Qingshui, Tangchiawu, and Tataertag formations) and Xiushuiaspis occurring in the Silurian Upper Red Beds (Xikeng Formation).
| [1] | Andreev P S, Zhao W J, Wang N Z et al., 2020. Early Silurian chondrichthyans from the Tarim Basin (Xinjiang, China). PLoS One, 15: e0228589 |
| [2] | Chen X, Rong J Y, 1996. Telychian (Llandovery) of the Yangtze Region and its correlation with British Isles. Beijing: Science Press. 1-162 |
| [3] | Gai Z K, Lu L W, Zhao W J et al., 2018. New polybranchiaspiform fishes (Agnatha: Galeaspida) from the Middle Palaeozoic of China and their ecomorphological implications. PLoS One, 13: e0202217 |
| [4] | Gai Z K, Shan X R, Sun Z X et al., 2020. A redescription of the Silurian Sinogaleaspis shankouensis (Galeaspida, stem-Gnathostomata) from Jiangxi, China. Vert PalAsiat, 58: 85-99 |
| [5] | Janvier P, 1996. Early Vertebrates. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1-393 |
| [6] | Janvier P, Thanh T D, Phuong T H et al., 2009. Occurrence of Sanqiaspis , Liu, 1975 (Vertebrata, Galeaspida) in the Lower Devonian of Vietnam, with remarks on the anatomy and systematics of the Sanqiaspididae. C R Palevol, 8: 59-65 |
| [7] | Li J, Zhu H C, Fang Z J, 1997. Microfossils from the Silurian Tataaiertage Formation of Kalpin, Xinjiang. Acta Palaeontol Sin, 36: 136-143 |
| [8] | Liu Y G, 1997. Lithostratigraphy of Jiangxi Province. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press. 1-375 |
| [9] | Liu Y H, Gai Z K, Zhu M et al., 2015. Subclass Galeaspida. In: Zhu M ed.ed. Palaeovertebrata Sinica, Vol. I, Fishes, Fasc. 1, Agnathans. Beijing: Scicence Press. 141-272 |
| [10] | Liu Y H, Zhu M, Lin X H et al., 2019. A reappraisal of the Silurian galeaspids (stem-Gnathostomata) from Tarim Basin, Xinjiang. Vert PalAsiat, 57: 253-273 |
| [11] | Lu L W, Pan J, Zhao L J, 2007. New findings of Middle Paleozoic Agnatha and fishes from Kalpin, Xinjiang. Acta Geosci Sin, 28: 143-147 |
| [12] | Pan J, Wang S T, 1980. New finding of Galeaspiformes in South China. Acta Palaeontol Sin, 19: 1-7 |
| [13] | Pan J, Wang S T, 1983. Xiushuiaspidae, a new family of Polybranchiaspiformes from Xiushui of Jiangxi Province. Acta Palaeontol Sin, 22: 505-509 |
| [14] | Pan J, Zeng X Y, 1985. Dayongaspidae, a new family of Polybranchiaspiformes (Agnatha) from Early Silurian of Hunan, China. Vert PalAsiat, 23: 207-213 |
| [15] | P’an K, Wang S T, Liu Y P, 1975. The Lower Devonian agnatha and pisces from South China. Prof Pap Stratigr Paleont, 1: 135-169 |
| [16] | Rong J Y, Wang Y, Zhan R B et al., 2019. Silurian integrative stratigraphy and timescale of China. Sci China-Earth Sci, 62: 89-111 |
| [17] | Shan X R, Zhu M, Zhao W J et al., 2020. A new genus of sinogaleaspids (Galeaspida, stem-Gnathostomata) from the Silurian Period in Jiangxi, China. PeerJ, 8: e9008 |
| [18] | Shan X R, Gai Z K, Lin X H et al., 2022a. The oldest eugaleaspiform fishes from the Silurian red beds in Jiangxi, South China and their stratigraphic significance. J Asian Earth Sci, 229: 105187 |
| [19] | Shan X R, Zhao W J, Lin X H et al., 2022b. The correlations of the lower Telychian red beds in China from the palaeoichthyological evidence. J Stratigr, 46: 138-153 |
| [20] | Shan X R, Zhao W J, Gai Z K, 2023a. A new species of Jiangxialepis (Galeaspida) from the lower Telychian (Silurian) of Jiangxi and its biostratigraphic significance. Acta Geol Sin Engl-Ed, 97: 393-403 |
| [21] | Shan X R, Zhu M, Zhao W J et al., 2023b. Fossil fishes from the Silurian Lower Red Beds in Wuhan, Hubei and their biogeographic significances. J Palaegeogr, 25: 327-340 |
| [22] | Tarlo L B, 1967. Agnatha. In: Harland W B ed.ed. The Fossil Record. London: The Geological Society of London. 629-636 |
| [23] | Wang J Q, Wang N Z, Zhu M, 1996. Middle Paleozoic vertebrate fossils from the north-western margin of the Tarim Basin, and the related stratigraphy. In: Tong X G, Liang D G, Jia C Z eds. New Advances of the Petroleum Geology of Tarim Basin. Beijing: Science Press. 8-16 |
| [24] | Wang J Q, Wang N Z, Zhang G R et al., 2002. Agnathans from Llandovery (Silurian) of Kalpin, Xinjiang, China. Vert PalAsiat, 40: 245-256 |
| [25] | Wang N Z, 1991. Two new Silurian galeaspids (jawless craniates) from Zhejiang Province, China, with a discussion of galeaspid-gnathostome relationships. In: Chang M M, Liu Y H, Zhang G R eds. Early Vertebrates and Related Problems of Evolutionary Biology. Beijing: Science Press. 41-65 |
| [26] | Wang P, Hu J Z, Song S L et al., 1988. The discovery of Sinacanthus in Kalpin region, Xinjiang, and its stratigraphic significance. Geol Xinjiang, 6: 47-50 |
| [27] | Wang S T, Xia S F, Chen L Z et al., 1980. On the discovery of Silurian Agnathans and Pisces from Chaoxian County, Anhui Province and its stratigraphical significance. Bull Chin Acad Geol Sci, 1: 101-112 |
| [28] | Wang Y, Jiang Q, Tang P et al., 2018. The discovery of Late Silurian Xiaoxi Formation and emendation of Lower Silurian Xikeng Formation in north-western Jiangxi, South China. J Stratigr, 42: 257-266 |
| [29] | Zhang Q Z, 1982. The Silurian trilobite in middle part of East China. Bull Nanjing Inst Geol Min Resour, Chinese Acad Geol Sci, 3: 99-106, 113-114 |
| [30] | Zhang S B, Gao Q Q, Chen Q B et al., 1996. New progress in the studies of Silurian-Devonian stratigraphy on the northwest margin of Tarim Basin. In: Tong X G, Liang D G, Jia C Z eds. New Progress in the Studies in Petroleum Geology of Tarim Basin. Beijing: Science Press. 54-66 |
| [31] | Zhang T R, 1985. A new Tremadocian trilobite from Bolhinur Mountain, Xinjiang. Reg Geol China, 5: 133-135, 137-138 |
| [32] | Zhao W J, 2005. Galeaspids of the Middle Paleozoic in China and its palaeogeographic significance. J Palaegeogr, 7: 305-320 |
| [33] | Zhao W J, Zhu M, 2010. Siluro-Devonian vertebrate biostratigraphy and biogeography of China. Palaeoworld, 19: 4-26 |
| [34] | Zhao W J, Zhu M, 2014. A review of the Silurian fishes from China, with comments on the correlation of fish-bearing strata. Earth Sci Front, 21: 185-202 |
| [35] | Zhao W J, Wang S T, Wang J Q et al., 2009. The subdivision and correlation of the Silurian fish-bearing strata and Caledonian movement in Kalpin and Bachu regions, the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang. J Stratigr, 33: 225-240 |
| [36] | Zhu M, 1998. Early Silurian sinacanths (Chondrichthyes) from China. Palaeontology, 41: 157-171 |
| [37] | Zhu M, Gai Z K, 2006. Phylogenetic relationships of galeaspids (Agnatha). Vert PalAsiat, 44: 1-27 |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |