重庆特异埋藏化石库盔甲鱼类一新属
收稿日期: 2024-05-30
网络出版日期: 2024-08-20
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(42002015);重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项重点项目(CSTB2023TIAD-KPX0098);重庆市科研机构绩效激励引导专项(cstc2022jxjl00008);重庆市规划和自然资源局古生物化石等地质遗迹保护与研究专项和重庆地质矿产研究院科研平台开放课题(CKLEMME-202201)
A new genus of galeaspids (jawless stem-Gnathostomata) from the early Silurian Chongqing Lagerstätte, China
Received date: 2024-05-30
Online published: 2024-08-20
志留纪(特列奇期)重庆特异埋藏化石库产出了大量完整保存的无颌类和有颌鱼类化石。描述了采自重庆秀山的真盔甲鱼目一新属种——双叉苗家鱼(Miaojiaaspis dichotomus gen. et sp. nov. )。新属种具有与灵动土家鱼(Tujiaaspis vividus)相似的特征，包括短的中背管和分叉的侧横管。二者的区别是：灵动土家鱼的侧线系统极度发育，形成了网状的感觉管，且具有更长的中背孔。系统发育分析结果显示，苗家鱼与土家鱼共同组成一个单系类群——土家鱼科(新科)。该新科具有两个共有衍征：短的中背管，以及侧横管末端分叉。隶属真盔甲鱼目的土家鱼科、曙鱼科以及一个包含了安吉鱼属、中华盔甲鱼科、涌洞鱼科和 “真盔甲鱼簇” 的支系构成了一个三分支。对盔甲鱼类的侧线系统进行了比较，并讨论了真盔甲鱼目侧线系统的特征演化序列。
陈阳 , 李强 , 周政达 , 山显任 , 朱幼安 , 王倩 , 魏光飚 , 朱敏 . 重庆特异埋藏化石库盔甲鱼类一新属[J]. 古脊椎动物学报, 2024 , 62(4) : 245 -261 . DOI: 10.19615/j.cnki.2096-9899.240820
The early Silurian Chongqing Lagerstätte (middle Telychian) yields exceptionally preserved articulated jawless and jawed fishes. Here, we describe a new eugaleaspiform (Galeaspida, jawless stem-Gnathostomata), Miaojiaaspis dichotomus gen. et sp. nov., from the Chongqing Lagerstätte in Xiushan, Chongqing, China. The new form resembles Tujiaaspis vividus in the short medial dorsal canal, and the presence of the branching ends of the lateral transverse canal. They differ in that T. vividus has highly developed subordinate branches of the sensory canals that form a reticulate sensory canal system, and the median dorsal opening is more elongated. Our phylogenetic analysis recovers M. dichotomus and T. vividus as a monophyletic clade (Tujiaaspidae fam. nov.), which is supported by two synapomorphies: the short medial dorsal canal, and the branching ends of the lateral transverse canal. Tujiaaspidae forms a trichotomy with Shuyuidae and a clade comprising Anjiaspis, Sinogaleaspidae, Yongdongaspidae, and the ‘eugaleaspid cluster’. The sensory canal patterns in galeaspids are compared to show the transformation sequence of the sensory canal system in Eugaleaspiformes.
Key words： Chongqing Lagerstätte; Telychian; Galeaspida; morphology; phylogeny
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