New skulls of ctenodactyloids from the Early Oligocene of Ulantatal, Nei Mongol, China

doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.200413

Abstract

Key words: Ulantatal, Oligocene, ctenodactyloids, morphology of skull, E-O transition

摘要：

记述了4件采自内蒙古乌兰塔塔尔早渐新世地层的近乎完整的、上下颌咬合在一起的梳趾鼠类头骨化石,基于牙齿特征将新材料归于乌兰塔塔尔丘齿鼠(Bounomys ulantatalensis Huang, 1985)。乌兰塔塔尔丘齿鼠与始新世梳趾鼠类钟健鼠(Cocomys)及外鼠(Exmus)相比,在头骨整体形态,门齿孔、眶下孔、蝶腭孔、听泡的大小,后鼻孔、泪孔、眶后突的位置,顶骨及外耳道的形态,下颌骨齿隙长短等方面有明显差别;与渐新世及以后的梳趾鼠类的头骨特征整体相似。通过对梳趾鼠类头骨特征的对比,认为从始新世至渐新世,梳趾鼠类颧-咬结构由始啮型转为豪猪型,咬合能力增强,更有利于处理粗糙的食物;听泡膨大,使得其更适应开阔环境。头骨上的这些变化可能是对始新世-渐新世转折期后全球气候干旱化的一种适应。

关键词: 乌兰塔塔尔, 渐新世, 梳趾鼠类, 头骨形态, E-O转折

CLC Number:

Q915.873

XU Ran-Cheng, LI Qian. New skulls of ctenodactyloids from the Early Oligocene of Ulantatal, Nei Mongol, China. Vertebrata Palasiatica, 2020, 58(4): 305-327.

徐冉成, 李茜. 2020, 58(4): 305-327, 内蒙古乌兰塔塔尔地区早渐新世梳趾鼠类头骨新材料. 古脊椎动物学报.

Figures/Tables 11

References 44

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		B. ulantatalensis					B. ulantatalensis (Wang, 1997)	B. bohlini (Wang, 1997)
		V 26125	V 26126	V 26127	V 26128	Average	B. ulantatalensis (Wang, 1997)	B. bohlini (Wang, 1997)
P4-M3	L	8.54	8.54	8.12	8.18	8.35	/	6.15-7.30
P4	L	1.4	1.29	1.17	1.38	1.31	1.84	0.98-1.48
	W	1.88	2.07	1.71	1.90	1.89	2.16	1.23-1.97
M1	L	2.09	2.21	2.12	2.08	2.13	2.24-2.56	1.31-1.99
	W	1.96	2.23	2.01	2.08	2.07	2.16-2.53	1.48-2.05
M2	L	2.28	2.42	2.39	2.38	2.37	2.56-2.80	1.64-2.13
	W	2.29	2.58	2.47	2.42	2.44	2.08-2.72	1.56-2.09
M3	L	2.52	2.52	2.46	2.41	2.48	2.24-2.88	1.72-2.16
	W	2.38	2.53	2.37	2.43	2.43	2.45-2.72	1.60-2.05
p4-m3	L	9.07	9.24	8.61	8.55	8.87	9.12-10.08	7.46-7.71
p4	L	1.45	1.49	1.25	1.26	1.36	1.60-1.76	1.48-1.56
	W	1.32	1.41	1.21	1.25	1.30	1.28-1.65	1.31-1.31
m1	L	2.08	2.2	2.27	2.21	2.19	2.32-2.88	1.89-2.01
	W	1.53	1.79	1.82	1.77	1.73	1.76-2.40	1.44-1.56
m2	L	2.52	2.58	2.45	2.55	2.53	2.56-3.36	2.09-2.46
	W	1.95	2.22	2.12	2.13	2.11	2.08-2.61	1.64-1.97
m3	L	2.9	2.9	2.77	2.78	2.84	2.72-3.52	2.13-2.38
	W	1.87	2.14	2.08	2.15	2.06	2.05-2.61	1.56-1.80

		B. ulantatalensis					B. ulantatalensis (Wang, 1997)	B. bohlini (Wang, 1997)
		V 26125	V 26126	V 26127	V 26128	Average	B. ulantatalensis (Wang, 1997)	B. bohlini (Wang, 1997)
P4-M3	L	8.54	8.54	8.12	8.18	8.35	/	6.15-7.30
P4	L	1.4	1.29	1.17	1.38	1.31	1.84	0.98-1.48
	W	1.88	2.07	1.71	1.90	1.89	2.16	1.23-1.97
M1	L	2.09	2.21	2.12	2.08	2.13	2.24-2.56	1.31-1.99
	W	1.96	2.23	2.01	2.08	2.07	2.16-2.53	1.48-2.05
M2	L	2.28	2.42	2.39	2.38	2.37	2.56-2.80	1.64-2.13
	W	2.29	2.58	2.47	2.42	2.44	2.08-2.72	1.56-2.09
M3	L	2.52	2.52	2.46	2.41	2.48	2.24-2.88	1.72-2.16
	W	2.38	2.53	2.37	2.43	2.43	2.45-2.72	1.60-2.05
p4-m3	L	9.07	9.24	8.61	8.55	8.87	9.12-10.08	7.46-7.71
p4	L	1.45	1.49	1.25	1.26	1.36	1.60-1.76	1.48-1.56
	W	1.32	1.41	1.21	1.25	1.30	1.28-1.65	1.31-1.31
m1	L	2.08	2.2	2.27	2.21	2.19	2.32-2.88	1.89-2.01
	W	1.53	1.79	1.82	1.77	1.73	1.76-2.40	1.44-1.56
m2	L	2.52	2.58	2.45	2.55	2.53	2.56-3.36	2.09-2.46
	W	1.95	2.22	2.12	2.13	2.11	2.08-2.61	1.64-1.97
m3	L	2.9	2.9	2.77	2.78	2.84	2.72-3.52	2.13-2.38
	W	1.87	2.14	2.08	2.15	2.06	2.05-2.61	1.56-1.80