Abstract: Cobitis nanningensis sp. nov., the earliest fossil cobitid fish from Early-Middle Oligocene deposits of Nanning Basin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, southern China, is described here. The new species is represented by specimens of the distinctive suborbital spine. The bifid suborbital spines are 1.8-3.0 mm in length. Their laterocaudal processes are thinner and shorter than their mediocaudal processes, and the lengths of the laterocaudal processes are about 1/3 of those of the mediocaudal ones. The lateral process of the spine is prominent. The new species most closely resembles Cobitis primigenus from the Late Oligocene deposits of Germany, but in C. nanningensis the lateral process of the suborbital spine is more developed. The discovery of the new species and other previously known fossils of Cobitis indicate that the Cobitidae family has had a wide distribution in Eurasia since at least Oligocene.

摘要： 根据产自广西南宁盆地渐新世早.中期的鳅科鱼类眼下刺化石建立了鳅属新种：南宁鳅Cobitis nanningensis sp. nov.。眼下刺长1.8~3.0 mm,粗细适中，刺二分叉，侧后突较中后突短而细，长度约为中后突长的1/3,侧突发育。这些眼下刺与德国晚渐新世的Cobitis primigenus最为相似，但又以侧突更为发育而与之区别。这是迄今最早的鳅科化石记录，为了解早期鳅科鱼类的分布和眼下刺的形态特征提供了有益证据。南宁鳅及德国晚渐新世的C. primigenus揭示，渐新世时期鳅科鱼类已广布于欧亚大陆。