Abstract: Here we describe †Nanningocyprinus wui gen. et sp. nov, a fossilCyprinus-like fish from the Early-Middle Oligocene deposits of Langdong, Nanning Basin, Guangxi Province, South China. †Nanningocyprinus wui is represented by a number of pharyngeal bones and teeth. It differs from all other cyprinid fishes in the following character combination: tooth formula —3·2·1, crushing molar-like A1 much larger than A2, only one groove on the grinding surface of A2 and B1 respectively, and the anterior angle of the pharyngeal bone triangular and prominent. The new-found Cyprinus-like fish, along with the previously known Late Eocene †Eoprocypris maomingensis(Procypris-like) and Oligocene †Huashancyprinus robustispinus (Cyprinus-like) from South China, further indicates an early branching and diversification of the Cyprininae (Cyprinidae) in this area.  

摘要： 本文记述了产自广西南宁盆地渐新世早—中期的鲤科鲤亚科一新属种——伍氏南宁鲤。化石材料包括一些咽喉骨和咽齿。这些咽喉骨和咽齿的以下特征组合明显不同于其他鲤科鱼类：齿式—3·2·1, 主行第一枚咽齿大小是第二枚的3~4倍，第二枚咽齿及第二行第一枚咽齿咀嚼面上各仅有一条沟纹，咽骨前角很发育。该属种的发现进一步证明鲤亚科是鲤科中较早的分支，中国南方很有可能是鲤亚科的起源和分化中心。