Abstract:  Rescue excavations carried out from 2007 to 2010 at the Shuitangba lignite field in Zhaotong, Yunnan Province, not only resulted in the discovery of a new hominoid cranium and the addition of a new hominoid site in Yunnan, but the finding of a new muntjak with following characters: the brow tine is very close to the burr, which is moderately developed; the main beam extends backward and somewhat laterally, and then turns somewhat medially; and the neocrista and entocingulum are developed on the upper molars. The four limbs are relatively short. A cladistic analysis shows that the new materials represent a muntjak that is not in a sister-group relationship with Muntiacus leilaoensis from Yuanmou Late Miocene hominoid site, but rather represents an independent branch. Muntiacus zhaotongensis sp. nov. is proposed for the new muntjak materials. “Metacervulus sp.” from the “Yongle lignite field” recovered in 1978 is a synonym of the new species. The so-called “Yongle lignite field” is actually the Shuitangba lignite field. The layers yielding the materials of M. zhaotongensis sp. nov. are all within C3An.1n based on paleomagnetic correlation, with an estimated age between 6.1 to 5.9 Ma (terminal Miocene).

摘要： 2007~2010年在云南昭通水塘坝砖厂采煤场进行的抢救性采掘中不仅出土了禄丰古猿新材料，使得云南的禄丰古猿产地新增了一处，而且还出土了一种麂的新材料。这种麂具有鹿角眉枝较低、主枝先向外侧偏上方向生长然后再向内侧弯曲，上臼齿具有发育的新棱和内齿带，四肢较短等特征。根据支序分析这种麂与元谋晚中新世雷老麂不是姐妹群关系，而是一个独立的支序，因此将新材料订立为一个新种：昭通麂(Muntiacus zhaotongensissp. nov.)。1978年在昭通“永乐煤场”出土的“后麂(Metacervulussp.)”也当归为昭通麂，而“永乐煤场”即为水塘坝煤场。根据古地磁地层对比的结果，昭通麂的出土层位均相当于C3An.1n, 绝对年龄在6.1~5.9 Ma, 为最晚中新世。