The first description of Equidae (Perissodactyla, Mammalia) from Xinyaozi Ravine in Shanxi, North China

doi:10.19615/j.cnki.2096-9899.220926

Abstract

Abstract:

Abundant mammalian fossils were uncovered during the field exploration for Nihewan beds at the beginning of the 1980s along Xinyaozi Ravine at Nangaoya Township of Tianzhen County, Shanxi Province in North China. But most equid material was not yet described except that of Equus stenonis. Six forms of Nihewanian equids were confirmed from the Xinyaozi specimens in the present study, five of which were described for the first time. They include four stenonids such as Equus sanmeniensis, E. teilhardi, E. huanghoensis and E. stenonis, and two hipparionines such as Hipparion (Proboscidipparion) sinense and H. (Plesiohiparrion) shanxiense. The diversification of stenonids in the Early Pleistocene was significant in North China with four taxa in Xinyaozi alone. The persistence of Neogene relics such as hipparionines was still present in the Early Pleistocene with two hipparionine taxa in Xinyaozi. Equus sanmeniensis and H. (Proboscidipparion) sinense were two representative equids not only coexisted in the Early Pleistocene but also widely distributed in China. The diversity of equids also implies the diversified vegetation on which they depended. The hypsodont dentitions and well developed cement, as well as completely molarized premolars of Xinyaozi equids indicate their abrasive diet mostly on monocotyledonous and grassland habitats with considerable scales enough to nourish six taxa of equids.

Key words: Xinyaozi Ravine,Tianzhen,Nihewan Basin, Early Pleistocene,Nihewan beds, Equidae

摘要：

20世纪80年代在桑干河盆地一带考察泥河湾层时，在山西省天镇县南高崖乡的辛窑子沟一带发现了很多哺乳动物化石地点并出土了大量哺乳动物化石。最近的研究系统记述了马科化石的5个种，加上此前曾记述过的1个种，在辛窑子沟一带的早更新世地层中产出的马科化石至少有6个种。其中古马型马有4种：三门马(Equus sanmeniensis)、德氏马(E. teilhardi)、黄河马(E. huanghoensis)和古马(E. stenonis); 两种三趾马：中国长鼻三趾马(Hipparion (Proboscidipparion) sinense)和山西近三趾马(H. (Plesiohiparrion) shanxiense)。研究表明在早更新世期间新出现的古马型马的多样性是显著的，仅在辛窑子动物群中就有4种。而延续到早更新世的三趾马这些新近纪残留类群在辛窑子动物群中仍然有两个种。三门马和中国长鼻三趾马是早更新世期间真马与三趾马共存的最典型代表。它们在中国的产出地点很多，分布也较广，并有较大幅度的重叠。辛窑子动物群中马科化石种类的多样性表明它们所依赖摄食的植被也应存在较大的多样性。高冠的颊齿和发育的白垩质及完全臼齿化的前臼齿指示这些马科种类食物粗糙，很可能是单子叶草类。它们的栖息地应为草原草甸环境，且其范围较大，以便满足6个马科种类在那里摄食与活动。

关键词: 山西天镇辛窑子沟, 泥河湾盆地, 早更新世, 泥河湾层, 马科

CLC Number:

Q915.877

DONG Wei, BAI Wei-Peng, LIU Wen-Hui, ZHANG Li-Min. The first description of Equidae (Perissodactyla, Mammalia) from Xinyaozi Ravine in Shanxi, North China. Vertebrata Palasiatica, 2023, 61(3): 212-244.

董为, 白炜鹏, 刘文晖, 张立民. 2023, 61(3): 212-244, 山西天镇辛窑子早更新世马科化石新材料. 古脊椎动物学报.

Figures/Tables 16

References 66

[1]	Ao H, Mark J D, An Z S et al., 2013. Magnetostratigraphic evidence of a mid-Pliocene onset of the Nihewan Formation: implications for early fauna and hominid occupation in the Nihewan Basin, North China. Quat Sci Rev, 59: 30-42 DOI URL
[2]	Bai W P, Dong W, Zhang L M et al., 2019. New material of the Early Pleistocene spiral horned antelope Spirocerus (Artiodactyla, Mammalia) from North China and discussion on its evolution. Quat Int, 522: 94-102 DOI URL
[3]	Bernor R L, Sun B Y, Chen Y, 2015. Plesiohipparion shanxiense n. sp. from the Early Pleistocene (Nihowanian) of Shanxi, China. Boll Soc Paleontol Ital, 54: 197-210
[4]	Bernor R L, Göhlich U B, Harzhauser M et al., 2017. The Pannonian C hipparions from the Vienna Basin. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Paleoecol, 476: 28-41 DOI URL
[5]	Bernor R L, Cirilli O, Jukar A M et al., 2019. Evolution of Early Equus in Italy, Georgia, the Indian Subcontinent, East Africa, and the Origins of African Zebras. Front Ecol Evol, 7: 1-20 DOI URL
[6]	Cai B Q, 1987. A preliminary report on the Late Pliocene micromammalian fauna from Yangyuan and Yuxian, Hebei. Vert PalAsiat, 25(2): 124-136
[7]	Chia L P, Wang J, 1978. Hsihoutu—a Culture Site of Early Pleistocene in Shansi Province. Beijing: Cultural Relics Publishing House. 1-85
[8]	Chow B S (= Zhou B X), Liu H Y, 1959. Some Pleistocene mammalian fossils from Gunghe, Qinhai. Vert PalAsiat, 1(4): 217-223
[9]	Chow M C (= Zhou M Z), Chow B S, 1965. Notes on Villafranchian mammals of Lingyi, Shansi. Vert PalAsiat, 9(2): 223-234
[10]	Chow M C, Liu H Y, 1959. Fossil equine teeth from Shansi. Vert PalAsiat, 1(3): 133-136
[11]	Cirilli O, Pandolfi L, Rook L et al., 2021. Evolution of Old World Equus and origin of the zebra-ass clade. Sci Rep, 11: 10156 DOI PMID
[12]	Deng T, 2012. A skull of Hipparion (Proboscidipparion) sinense (Perissodactyla, Equidae) from Longdan, Dongxiang of northwestern China—addition to the Early Pleistocene Longdan mammalian fauna (3). Vert PalAsiat, 50(1): 74-84
[13]	Deng T, Xue X X, 1999a. Chinese Fossil Horses of Equus and Their Environment. Beijing: China Ocean Press. 1-158
[14]	Deng T, Xue X X, 1999b. Phylogenetic relationships of the Chinese fossil species of the genus Equus (Perissodactyla, Equidae). Sci China Ser D-Earth Sci, 42(5): 449-455 DOI URL
[15]	Dong W, Fang Y S, 2005. Fossil equids (mammals) from the Tuozidong, Nanjing (China) and its significance. Vert PalAsiat, 43(1): 36-48
[16]	Dong W, Zhang L M, Liu W H, 2017. New material of the Early Pleistocene mammalian fauna from Chutoulang, Chifeng, eastern Nei Mongol, China and binary faunal similarity analyses. Vert PalAsiat, 55(3): 257-275
[17]	Dong W, Wei Q, Bai W P et al., 2019. New material of the Early Pleistocene Elaphurus (Artiodactyla, Mammalia) from North China and discussion on taxonomy of Elaphurus. Quat Int, 519: 113-121 DOI URL
[18]	Dong W, Bai W P, Pan Y et al., 2020. New material of Cervidae (Artiodactyla, Mammalia) from Xinyaozi Ravine in Shanxi, North China. Vert PalAsiat, 58(3): 221-248
[19]	Dong W, Bai W P, Zhang L M, 2021. The first description of Rhinocerotidae (Perissodactyla, Mammalia) from Xinyaozi Ravine in Shanxi, North China. Vert PalAsiat, 59(4): 273-294
[20]	Eisenmann V, 1975. Nouvelles interprétations des restes d’équidés (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) de Nihowan (Pléistocène inférieur de la Chine du Nord): Equus teilhardi nov. sp. Geobios, 8(2): 125-134 DOI URL
[21]	Eisenmann V, 2004. Les Equidés (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) de Saint-Vallier (Drôme, France) et les Equidés Plio-Pleistocènes d’Europe. Geobios, 37: S279-S305 DOI URL
[22]	Eisenmann V, Kuznetsova T, 2004. Early Pleistocene equids (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) of Nalaikha, Mongolia, and the emergence of modern Equus Linnaeus, 1758. Geodiversitas, 26(3): 535-561
[23]	Eisenmann V, Alberdi M T, de Giuli C et al., 1988. Methodology. In: Woodburne M, Sondaar P eds. Studying Fossil Horses. Leiden: E J Brill. 1-71
[24]	Erbajeva M A, Alexeeva N V, 2000. Pliocene and Pleistocene biostratigraphic succession of Transbaikalia with emphasis on small mammals. Quatern Int, 68-7l: 67-75
[25]	Erbajeva M A, Alexeeva N V, 2013. Late Cenozoic mammal faunas of the Baikalian Region—composition, biochronology, dispersal, and correlation with Central Asia. In: Wang X M, Flynn L J, Fortelius M eds. Fossil Mammals of Asia—Neogene Biostratigraphy and Chronology. New York: Colombia University Press. 495-507
[26]	Forsten A, 1986. Chinese fossil horses of the genus Equus. Acta Zool Fin, 181: 1-40
[27]	Forsten A, 1999. A review of Equus stenonis Cocchi (Perissodactyla, Equidae) and related forms. Quat Sci Rev, 18(12): 1373-1408 DOI URL
[28]	Fu R Y, Dong W, Wang L et al., 2012. New equid materials from Maoershan cave at Zuoke of Liaoning Province. In: Dong W ed. Proceedings of the Thirteenth Annual Meeting of the Chinese Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. Beijing: China Ocean Press. 125-132
[29]	Hu C K, Liu H Y, 1959. Equidae. In: IVPP ed. Pleistocene Mammalian Fossils from the Northeast Provinces. Beijing: Science Press. 34-45
[30]	Hu C K, Qi T, 1978. Gongwangling Pleistocene mammalian fauna of Lantian, Shaanxi. Palaeont Sin, New Ser C, 21: 1-64
[31]	Huang W B, Tang Y J, Zong G F et al., 1974. Observation on the later Cenozoic of Nihowan Basin. Vert PalAsiat, 12(2): 99-108
[32]	Jinniushan Joint Excavation Team, 1976. Discovery and significance of Quaternary mammalian fauna from Jinniushan, Yingkou, Liaoning Province. Vert PalAsiat, 14(2): 120-127
[33]	Li Y, 1984. The Early Pleistocene mammalian fossils of Danangou, Yuxian, Hebei. Vert PalAsiat, 22(1): 60-68
[34]	Li Y X, Zhang Y X, Sun B Y et al., 2016. New fossils of the Early Pleistocene Equus huanghoensis (Equidae, Perissodactyla) from Nihewan in Hebei Province of China. Sci China Earth Sci, 59(1): 83-94 DOI URL
[35]	Liu H Y, 1973. Fossil horse in Peking Man Site. Vert PalAsiat, 11(1): 86-97
[36]	Liu P, Deng C L, Li S H et al., 2012. Magnetostratigraphic dating of the Xiashagou Fauna and implication for sequencing the mammalian faunas in the Nihewan Basin, North China. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Paleoecol, 315(5): 75-85
[37]	Lü Z E, Huang Y P, Li P S et al., 1989. Yiyuan fossil man. Acta Anthrop Sin, 8: 301-313
[38]	Niu P S, 2011. A survey of geography and natural environment in Nihewan Basin. In: Yuan B Y, Xia Z K, Niu P S eds. Nihewan Rift and Ancient Human. Beijing: Geological Publishing House. 12-20
[39]	Niven L B, Wojtal P, 2002. Cement furrows in the dentition of Mammuthus primigenius and the question of their etiology. Acta Zool Cracov, 45(2): 307-319
[40]	Nowak R M, Paradiso J L, 1983. Walker’s Mammals of the World. Baltimore & London: The Johns Hopkins University Press. 1-1362
[41]	Palombo M R, Alberdi M T, 2017. Light and shadows in the evolution of South European stenonoid horses. Fossil Imprint, 73(1-2): 115-140 DOI URL
[42]	Pei W C, 1958. Mammalian fossils from Locality 103 and other localities of the same Sammenian age in Tingtsun area, Hsiangfenhsien, Shansi Province. Acta Palaeontol Sin, 6(4): 359-374
[43]	Prat F, 1980. Les Équidés Villafranchiens en France—Genre Equus. Cah Quat, 2: 1-290
[44]	Qiu Z X, 2002. Hesperotherium—a new genus of the last Chalicotheres. Vert PalAsiat, 40(4): 317-325
[45]	Qiu Z X, Huang W L, Guo Z H, 1987. The Chinese hipparionine fossils. Palaeont Sin, New Ser C, 25: 1-250
[46]	Qiu Z X, Wei Q, Pei S W et al., 2002. Preliminary report on Postschizotherium (Mammalia: Hyarcoidea) material from Tianzhen, Shanxi, China. Vert PalAsiat, 40(2): 146-160
[47]	Sefve I, 1927. Die Hipparionen Nord-Chinas. Palaeont Sin, Ser C, 4(2): 1-93
[48]	Sotnikova M V, Dodonov A E, Pen’kov A V, 1997. Upper Cenozoic bio-magnetic stratigraphy of Central Asian mammalian localities. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Paleoecol, 133: 243-258 DOI URL
[49]	Sun B Y, Deng T, 2019. The Equus datum and the early radiation of Equus in China. Front Ecol Evol, 7: 1-19 DOI URL
[50]	Sun B Y, Deng T, Liu Y, 2019. Early Pleistocene Equus (Equidae, Perissodactyla) from Andersson Loc. 32 in Qixian, Shanxi, China. Hist Biol, 31: 211-222 DOI URL
[51]	Sun B Y, Liu S Z, Song Y Y et al., 2021. Hipparion in Luotuo Hill, Dalian, and evolution of latest Hipparion in China. Quat Int, 591: 24-34 DOI URL
[52]	Tang Y J, Zong G F, Xu Q Q, 1983. Mammalian fossils and stratigraphy of Linyi, Shanxi. Vert PalAsiat, 21(1): 77-86
[53]	Tang Y J, Li Y, Chen W Y, 1995. Mammalian fossils and the age of Xiaochangliang Paleolithic Site of Yangyuan, Hebei. Vert PalAsiat, 33(1): 74-83
[54]	Teilhard de Chardin P, 1936. Fossil mammals from locality 9 of Choukoutien. Palaeont Sin, Ser C, 7(4): 1-61
[55]	Teilhard de Chardin P, Piveteau J, 1930. Les mammifères fossils de Nihowan (Chine). Ann Paléont, 19: 1-134
[56]	Tong H W, Hu N, Han F, 2011a. A preliminary report on the excavations at the Early Pleistocene fossil site of Shanshenmiaozhui in Nihewan Basin, Hebei, China. Quat Sci, 31(4): 643-653
[57]	Tong H W, Tang Y J, Yuan B Y, 2011b. Biostratigraphy division of vertebrate fossils. In: Yuan B Y, Xia Z K, Niu P S eds. Nihewan Rift and Ancient Human. Beijing: Geological Publishing House. 47-60
[58]	Tong H W, Zhang B, Chen X et al., 2021. Chronological significance of the mammalian fauna from the Early Pleistocene Shanshenmiaozui site in Nihewan Basin, northern China. Acta Anthrop Sin, 40(3): 469-489
[59]	Wei Q, 1997. The framework of archaeological geology of the Nihewan Basin. In: Tong Y S, Zhang Y Y, Wu W Y et al. eds. Evidence for Evolution—Essays in Honor of Prof. Chungchien Young on the Hundredth Anniversary of His Birth. Beijing: China Ocean Press. 193-207
[60]	Woodburne M O, Tedford R H, Lindsay E H, 2013. North China Neogene biochronology—a Chinese standard. In: Wang X M, Flynn L J, Fortelius M eds. Fossil Mammals of Asia—Neogene Biostratigraphy and Chronology. New York: Colombia University Press. 91-118
[61]	Xie J Y, 1983. Mammalian fossils from the Early Pleistocene loess deposits at Gengjiagou, Huanxian, Gansu Province. Vert PalAsiat, 21(4): 357-358
[62]	Xue X X, Li C L, Deng T et al., 1999. The characters, geological age and the ecological environment of Longyadong cave fauna, Luonan, Shaanxi. Vert PalAsiat, 37(4): 309-325
[63]	Zdansky O, 1935. Equus und andere Perissodactyla. Palaeont Sin, Ser C, 6(5): 1-54
[64]	Zhang Z H, Wei H B, Xu Z H, 1986. II. Fauna. In: Museum of Liaoning Province and Museum of Benxi City eds. Miaohoushan—A Site of Early Paleolithic in Benxi County, Liaoning Province. Beijing: Culture Relics Press. 35-66
[65]	Zheng S H, Wu W Y, Li Y et al., 1985. Late Cenozoic mammalian faunas of Guide and Gonghe basins, Qinghai Province. Vert PalAsiat, 23(1): 89-134
[66]	Zhou X X, Sun Y F, Xu Q Q et al., 1985. Note on a new Late Pleistocene Equus from Dalian. Vert PalAsiat, 23(1): 69-76

	Xinyaozi					XSG¹⁾	PL²⁾	ZKD³⁾	XCL⁴⁾	CTL⁵⁾
	V31102.1	V31102.2	V31102.3	V31102.4	V31102.5	Spéc. A		V2531	V12033/4	CTL18-1
P2 L	45.46		46.25			45.00			41.00
P2 W	28.37		28.66						28.50
P2 Prc L	7.32		6.98
P2 Prc I	16.10		15.10
P3 L	34.21	35.86	33.83			34.00		31.6-32.0	31.50
P3 W	31.72	32.23	32.38					30.5-31.2	31.00
P3 Prc L	13.07	12.13	12.70					12.00
P3 Prc I	38.20	33.80	37.50					36.7-37.5
P4 L	26.97	34.17				33.00		32.1-32	32.00
P4 W	28.24	31.01						31.1-32	31.00
P4 Prc L	10.19	11.88						13.20
P4 Prc I	37.80	34.80						41.12-41.25
P2-4 L	108.32					113.00
M1 L	29.85	29.80				32.00	26.50	26-27	29.00
M1 W	30.16	27.65					32.00	29.60	27.50
M1 Prc L	13.22	10.73					10.40	12.20
M1 Prc I	44.30	36.00					35.43	45.1-46.92
M2 L	31.29	30.62				32.00	29.00	28.5-29
M2 W	32.63	30.83					31.50	29-29.2
M2 Prc L	12.38	11.36					11.50	13-13.1
M2 Prc I	39.60	37.10					39.65	44.83-45.81
M3 L	32.22	26.74		38.74	37.68	31.00	34.00	27.5-28		34.54
M3 W	27.63	22.64		28.94	28.01		29.00	27-27.5		28.91
M3 Prc L	14.11			15.53	14.20		13.40	13.50		12.14
M3 Prc I	43.80			40.10	37.70		39.41	48.21-49.09		35.15
M1-3 L	94.46	91.88				95.00	86.00
P2-M3 L	199.72					198.00

	Xinyaozi					XSG¹⁾	PL²⁾	ZKD³⁾	XCL⁴⁾	CTL⁵⁾
	V31102.1	V31102.2	V31102.3	V31102.4	V31102.5	Spéc. A		V2531	V12033/4	CTL18-1
P2 L	45.46		46.25			45.00			41.00
P2 W	28.37		28.66						28.50
P2 Prc L	7.32		6.98
P2 Prc I	16.10		15.10
P3 L	34.21	35.86	33.83			34.00		31.6-32.0	31.50
P3 W	31.72	32.23	32.38					30.5-31.2	31.00
P3 Prc L	13.07	12.13	12.70					12.00
P3 Prc I	38.20	33.80	37.50					36.7-37.5
P4 L	26.97	34.17				33.00		32.1-32	32.00
P4 W	28.24	31.01						31.1-32	31.00
P4 Prc L	10.19	11.88						13.20
P4 Prc I	37.80	34.80						41.12-41.25
P2-4 L	108.32					113.00
M1 L	29.85	29.80				32.00	26.50	26-27	29.00
M1 W	30.16	27.65					32.00	29.60	27.50
M1 Prc L	13.22	10.73					10.40	12.20
M1 Prc I	44.30	36.00					35.43	45.1-46.92
M2 L	31.29	30.62				32.00	29.00	28.5-29
M2 W	32.63	30.83					31.50	29-29.2
M2 Prc L	12.38	11.36					11.50	13-13.1
M2 Prc I	39.60	37.10					39.65	44.83-45.81
M3 L	32.22	26.74		38.74	37.68	31.00	34.00	27.5-28		34.54
M3 W	27.63	22.64		28.94	28.01		29.00	27-27.5		28.91
M3 Prc L	14.11			15.53	14.20		13.40	13.50		12.14
M3 Prc I	43.80			40.10	37.70		39.41	48.21-49.09		35.15
M1-3 L	94.46	91.88				95.00	86.00
P2-M3 L	199.72					198.00

	Xinyaozi		XSG¹⁾	Gonghe²⁾	Pinglu³⁾	ZKD⁴⁾	XCL⁵⁾	Dali⁶⁾	CTL⁷⁾
	V31102.6	V31102.7	NIH002	V2423		V2535	V12034	NWUV1325	CTL39/42
p2 L	39.94		36.50	36.00		34.50		32.7-33.9	37.54-39.00
p2 W	16.19			17.50		18.20		15.00	18.75-18.89
p2 p-f	17.83							15.2-15.7	14.54-15.71
p2 pfI	44.60								37.28-41.85
p3 L	33.94	31.84	30.00	31.50		31.50		29.0-29.6	34.98-35.30
p3 W	17.49	18.77		18.00		18.50		17.0-17.9	19.82-21.30
p3 p-f	15.41	14.57						17.5-17.8	11.50-15.25
p3 pfI	45.40	45.80							32.69-43.57
p4 L	30.48	31.79	28.50	29.60	31.00	30.50	29.50	29.4-30.0	32.75-34.10
p4 W	15.51	18.19		18.40	21.50	19.60	19.00	17.0-17.3	20.11-22.84
p4 p-f	8.78	12.78						16.3-17.2	12.09-12.67
p4 pfI	28.80	40.20							36.92-37.16
p2-4 L	106.36			96.80					108.00
m1 L		27.40	28.00	27.30	27.00	27.50	29.50	25.40	29.82-30.33
m1 W		16.59		18.00	20.00	18.00	18.50	16.3-17.0	20.90-21.20
m1 p-f		5.47						13.4-13.5	9.00-10.05
m1 pfI		20.00							30.18-33.14

	Xinyaozi		XSG¹⁾	Gonghe²⁾	Pinglu³⁾	ZKD⁴⁾	XCL⁵⁾	Dali⁶⁾	CTL⁷⁾
	V31102.6	V31102.7	NIH002	V2423		V2535	V12034	NWUV1325	CTL39/42
p2 L	39.94		36.50	36.00		34.50		32.7-33.9	37.54-39.00
p2 W	16.19			17.50		18.20		15.00	18.75-18.89
p2 p-f	17.83							15.2-15.7	14.54-15.71
p2 pfI	44.60								37.28-41.85
p3 L	33.94	31.84	30.00	31.50		31.50		29.0-29.6	34.98-35.30
p3 W	17.49	18.77		18.00		18.50		17.0-17.9	19.82-21.30
p3 p-f	15.41	14.57						17.5-17.8	11.50-15.25
p3 pfI	45.40	45.80							32.69-43.57
p4 L	30.48	31.79	28.50	29.60	31.00	30.50	29.50	29.4-30.0	32.75-34.10
p4 W	15.51	18.19		18.40	21.50	19.60	19.00	17.0-17.3	20.11-22.84
p4 p-f	8.78	12.78						16.3-17.2	12.09-12.67
p4 pfI	28.80	40.20							36.92-37.16
p2-4 L	106.36			96.80					108.00
m1 L		27.40	28.00	27.30	27.00	27.50	29.50	25.40	29.82-30.33
m1 W		16.59		18.00	20.00	18.00	18.50	16.3-17.0	20.90-21.20
m1 p-f		5.47						13.4-13.5	9.00-10.05
m1 pfI		20.00							30.18-33.14

	E. teilhardi				E. huanghoensis
	Xinyaozi	Xinyaozi	XSG¹⁾	Dongtai²⁾	Xinyaozi	Pinglu³⁾	Xunyi⁴⁾	Tuozidong⁵⁾	YSZ⁶⁾	YSZ⁶⁾
	V31101.1	V31101.2	Spéc. B	M1321	V31103.1	V2385-9	NWUV1243	JNTZ6402	Male	Female
P2 L	41.12		40.00	38.80-39.30	45.78	43.20		46.4-51.64	42	40.3-41.3
P2 W	25.92			27.00-28.00	29.58	31.50		27.4-32.3	27.9-28.9	24.7-25.8
P2 Prc L	6.84			8.20-8.30	6.87	7.50		7.7-8.1	7.3-7.8	7.2
P2 Prc I	16.60			21.10-21.10	15.00	17.36		15.10-17.24	17.4-18.6	17.4-17.9
P3 L	29.58		31.00	29.80-30.60	35.15	35.50		33.7-35.12	34.2-35.0	28.7-29.4
P3 W	29.08			27.90-29.30	34.57	33.50		33.05-34.6	30.1-30.4	27.6-28.1
P3 Prc L	9.12			9.80-10.40	8.21	10.80		8.6-8.9	10.9-11.0	9.8-10.0
P3 Prc I	30.80			32.90-40.00	23.40	30.42		24.71-26.18	31.1-32.2	33.3-34.8
P4 L	28.06	28.64	28.00	27.60-28.20	33.46	35.00-35.5	33.00	31.5-33.4	30.2-30.6	25.5-26.0
P4 W	29.24	23.68		29.40-30.40	34.66	32.20-33.5	31.30	32.5-35.49	30.1-30.4	28.4-28.6
P4 Prc L	11.12	11.92		9.00-10.60	8.74	10.8-10.90	9.20	11.1-11.5	10.8	9.6-9.9
P4 Prc I	39.60	41.60		32.60-37.60	26.10	30.4-31.14	27.88	33.25-36.16	35.3-35.8	37.6-38.1
P2-4 L	101.20		99.00	96.1	117.10				105.5	91.8
M1 L	27.32	24.68	24.00	23.90-24.40	29.87	33.00-31.5	30.90	28.9-29.7	26.0	22.5
M1 W	28.16	30.28		27.10-27.50	30.68	31.5-34.00	31.70	31.3-33.7	27.2-27.4	27.1
M1 Prc L	10.36	9.52		11.20-11.30	8.29	10.9-12.00	11.60	11.5-12	9.0-9.2	9.2
M1 Prc I	37.90	38.60		45.90-47.30	27.80	34.6-36.36	37.54	38.72-41.52	34.2-35.4	40.9
M2 L		27.86	25.00	25.00-25.70	32.18	31.50		29.7-30.4	27.8	25.0-25.8
M2 W		30.15		26.40-27.40	31.25	31.50		30.6-32.4	28.0-28.2	25.8-26.1
M2 Prc L		11.56		10.90-11.30	10.03	10.90		11.8-12.3	11.0	10.3-10.4
M2 Prc I		41.50		43.60-44.00	31.20	34.60		38.82-41.41	39.6	40.3-41.2
M3 L			30.00	26.10-27.40	34.15			31.7-35.6	33.2	27.5-28.1
M3 W				23.60-24.90	29.62			29.1-30.5	26.0-26.8	23.7-24.2
M3 Prc L				10.80-10.90				12.7-13.2	12.6-13.0	11.0-11.1
M3 Prc I				39.40-41.80				35.67-41.64	38.0-39.2	39.5-40.0
M1-3 L			79.00	77.6	97.20				88.9	80.6
P2-M3 L			178.00	176.8	214.70				193	177.7