Abstract: A new genus and species of Xenocyprininae (Eoxenocypris liui) is described from a placer gold mine northwest of Hua 'nan County, Heilongjiang Province. The distribution of the extant members of the subfamily is limited to the eastern lowlands of China and Hanoi Basin (Song Hong Valley), northern Vietnam. In Late Cenozoic, however, in addition to their recent area of habitat they were also widely spread in Japan, mainly in the lacustrine deposits in the western side of the island arch along the Sea of Japan.

摘要： 本文记述了鲴亚科的一个化石新属新种Eoxenocypris liui，标本产于黑龙江省桦南县附近的中新世地层中。它与现生鲴亚科鱼类的区别是:头长大于体高，口端位，鳃盖长大于高，背鳍起点至吻端距较其至尾鳍基距为大，臀鳍起点至腹鳍起点的距离小十其至尾鳍基的距离。对新生代晚期东亚淡水鱼类特征分析的结果表明，从中新世到上新世东亚大陆和日本列岛存在一个相同的淡水鱼类区系。这一区系在中国东部一直延续到现在，而在日本自更新世中期以后却发生过较大的演替。