A record of the early Protanancus and Stephanocemas from the north of the Junggar Basin, and its implication for the Chinese Shanwangian
Received date: 2018-06-06
Online published: 2019-04-20
The Chinese Neogene mammalian fauna sequence has been well established, except for a gap in the early Shanwangian (~20-18 Ma) for which there are few known records of fossil mammals in China. Hereby we report on a newly discovered fossiliferous horizon from the upper part of the Suosuoquan Formation (18.6 Ma), Chibaerwoyi East locality, northern Junggar Basin, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. In this locality, the occurrences of an early Eurasian proboscidean and an early cervid clearly indicate an early Shanwangian Age of the Early Miocene. The proboscidean check teeth are characterized by the well-developed posttrite trefoils on the second lophs. It was identified as Protanancus sp. (Amebelodontidae), which is morphologically more primitive than the late Shanwangian P. brevirostris and P. tobieni. The cervid antler is characterized by the relatively small yet high palm of the antler and relatively short tines. It was identified as Stephanocemas sp. (Lagomerycinae), which is phylogenetically very close to the dichotomy of Stephanocemas and Lagomeryx, and is morphologically close to the more ancestral Ligeromeryx. Previous studies have shown that both proboscideans and cervids occurred at the Xiejian/Shanwangian transition period. Therefore, the new materials of Protanancus sp. and Stephanocemas sp. give important clues to the first appearance data of proboscideans and cervids in this area, which facilitates establishing the lower stratotype of the Chinese Shanwangian. In conclusion, the new findings represent a rarely known stage of mammalian biostratigraphy in China and are helpful for understanding the faunal succession during the early Chinese Shanwangian.
Key words： Junggar Basin; Early Miocene; Suosuoquan Formation; Shanwangian; Protanancus; Stephanocemas
WANG Shi-Qi, LI Chun-Xiao, ZHANG Xiao-Xiao, JIANGZUO Qi-Gao, YE Jie, LI Lu, LI Fu-Chang . A record of the early Protanancus and Stephanocemas from the north of the Junggar Basin, and its implication for the Chinese Shanwangian[J]. Vertebrata Palasiatica, 2019 , 57(2) : 133 -154 . DOI: 10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.181108
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