Table of Content

15 September 2018, Volume 56 Issue 3

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Preface In memory of Minchen Chow on the Centenary of his birth

2018, 56(3):  177-179. 

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Reappraisal of Endotherium niinomii Shikama, 1947, a eutherian mammal from the Lower Cretaceous Fuxin Formation, Fuxin-Jinzhou Basin, Liaoning, China

WANG Yuan-Qing, KUSUHASHI Nao, JIN Xun, LI Chuan-Kui, SETOGUCHI Takeshi, GAO Chun-Ling, LIU Jin-Yuan

2018, 56(3):  180-192. 

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  Reinvestigation of the Early Cretaceous eutherian mammal Endotherium niinomii Shikama, 1947, based on the impressions of the type specimen, casts made from the impressions, and the original description, indicates that E. niinomii is characterized by the following characters: decrease in size from the m1 to the m3; a moderate height difference between the trigonid and talonid of lower molars; blunt lower molar cusps; the protoconid being the largest among the trigonid cusps; the paraconid being as tall as the metaconid; the p3 not being obviously reduced; and possible possession of five lower premolars. These characteristics clearly distinguish E. niinomii from other known Cretaceous eutherians, and support its taxonomic identity as a valid taxon. 

A new species of Chilotherium (Perissodactyla, Rhinocerotidae) from the Late Miocene of Qingyang, Gansu, China

SUN Dan-Hui, LI Yu, DENG Tao

2018, 56(3):  216-228. 

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An adult skull with articulated atlas and an adult mandible, collected by Emile Licent in 1920 from the Late Miocene of Qingyang (Gansu, China), is recognized as a new species Chilotherium licenti sp. nov. These specimens possess typical characters of the genus Chilotherium, such as the strongly expanded mandibular symphysis, the huge and dagger-shaped i2s with an upturned medial flange, strongly constricted protocones, well-developed crochet and crista, and weakly developed parastyle folds and paracone ribs. Chilotherium licenti is characterized by the near absence of lingual and buccal cingula, and the medifossette on P2 to M2 forming by well-developed crochet and crista. The derived characters of the new species indicate that it is the highly specialized taxon of the genus Chilotherium, corresponding to MN12-13 of the Turolian in Europe. Based on a phylogenetic analysis of rhinocerotids, C. licenti from the Late Miocene is the most derived species in the known species of the Chilotherium lineage. 

New material of the Late Miocene Moschus (Artiodactyla, Mammalia) from Huade, Nei Mongol, North China

Tuchengzi, Huade, Nei Mongol, Late Miocene, Moschidae,  Moschus

2018, 56(3):  229-247. 

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Moschus grandaevus was firstly uncovered from the Late Miocene deposits at Ertemte, Olan Chorea, Harr Obo and Hua Ba in or around Huade County in the middle part of Nei Mongol and was described by Schlosser in 1924. The excavations by Sino-Soviet Joint Paleontological Team in 1959 and recent excavations since 2013 at Tuchengzi (Tuchetse), another locality at Huade, accumulated many specimens of the musk deer. The morphology and metric studies show that the musk deer specimens from Tuchengzi are the same as those described by Schlosser and can be included into the same species. M. grandaevus ranges from Siberia of Russia to North China, and likely to southern China, in the Late Miocene and Pliocene. The appearance of such folivorous musk deer in the Late Miocene deposits at Tuchengzi indicates that there were forests there during that period. The cladistic analyses show that the fossil species of Moschus are closely related to each other and can be grouped together as Moschini or Moschinae. Micromeryx is closer to Moschus and Cervidae, but the relationship betweenMicromeryx and Moschus is more complicated than previously considered; nonetheless Hispanomeryx is closer to Bovidae.

Fossil gibbons (Mammalia, Hylobatidae) from the Pleistocene of Chongzuo, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

ZHANG Ying-Qi, JIN Chang-Zhu, WANG Yuan, Alejandra ORTIZ, HE Kai, Terry HARRISON

2018, 56(3):  248-263. 

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Recent fieldwork at Pleistocene cave sites in the Chongzuo area in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region has yielded 33 isolated teeth of fossil hylobatids. Comparisons indicate that the teeth can all be referred to a single species of Nomascus, but the material is insufficient to assign it to a particular species. The molars are slightly larger on average than those of extant species of Nomascus, but unlike contemporary great apes from the Pleistocene of southern China, the hylobatids do not seem to have undergone a change in dental size through time.Nomascus is not present in the Chongzuo area today, but historical records indicate that the genus may have been widely distributed across southern China in the recent past.  

New ootype prismatoolithids from the Late Cretaceous, Laiyang Basin and its significance

WANG Qiang, LI Yu-Guang, ZHU Xu-Feng, FANG Kai-Yong, WANG Xiao-Lin

2018, 56(3):  264-272. 

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Laiyang, Shandong; Late Cretaceous; Jiangjunding Formation; dinosaur eggs, Prismatoolithidae